Summary of the univariate descrpitve analysis.

Overall study.

The data comprises 53 subjects, which are divided into 34 females and 19 males. From the 34 females, 18 are non obese and 16 obese. And 10 non obese males and 9 obese males. The 18 non obese females are divided into 9 PCOS and 9 healthy. The 16 obese females are divided further into 8 PCOS and 8 non PCOS.

A sanity check of the study was performed to observed possibly differences between the groups. No differences were found. Descriptive numerical tables were performed on each data-set except on the microbiome. Numerical descriptive tables only contain the mean and the standard deviation.

For each numerical variable (all except the ones that describes the groups) their distribution were analyzed as a whole, without taking into account the groups (obese, sex and PCOS).

It has to be mentioned that no correlation between variables on the different data types were performed. Only uni variate statistical analysis on each data set was performed.

Permeability markers, and some clinical biomarkers, were analyzed at basal and postprandial times. The first day of the study corresponds to the glucose oral load, the second to the lipids and the third to the proteins.

  1. Clinical data: Comprises 63 variables. The first variable is the order of the data, the second variable is the sample name, and the next 5 variables belong to sex, group (female, male, PCOS), obese (whether obese or not obese), age and BMI, WC, WHR. And 54 biomarkers. From those 54 biomarkers, there are testosterone, estradiol, its ratio, HOMA-IR, ISI, cholesterol, HDL , LDL, insulin and glucose. Sex steroids, the ratio, HOMA-IR and ISI are only calculated at basal levels. The other variables are calculated also at postprandial level. Furthemore the levels of all these variables the mean basal value for each day of the study is computed.

  2. Permability Biomarkers: Apart from the categorical variables, we have sCD14, LBP, zonulin and succinate. Each variable the mean basal value is computed,as well as the basal values for each day and the postprandial stage. Succinate is more like a metabolite, however, it was calculated in other units, and we do not know how to include this metablolite. ( No units are specified on this data set)

  3. Metabolome: The data includes only the sample and the order. And 261 variables. From these variables, only 37 were actually metabolites. The other variables belong to the mean basal values, the basal values for each day, and the postprandial values for each day.

4.Microbiome. Here, we have two sets of data. Reads from the several phylum and the genus. Only 5 subjects could not be able to analyze their faces. We performed a sanity check of the data to observe if this variation in the data affected the study. It did not.

Clinical data

Body shape variables, like BMI, waist circumference, and waist to hip ratio show bimodal distributions, indicating the differences between obese and non-obese subjects. Age also show a bimodal distribution, indicating two different groups (<25 and >25). No differences in this variables were found regarding PCOS subjects. Boxplots accounting for the interaction were performed.

Due to the huge amount of variables, and the fact that with a simple correlation matrix, the interactions could not be seen, we search in the literature for possible correlation between the variables that we have. In general terms, the SHBG, as a whole, interact with the sex steroids (testosterone and estradiol). The free concentration of the steroids decreases as SHBG increases, this hold for testosterone in general. Estradiol show different correlation between groups, with no interaction with SHBG except on males and obese PCOS women with a negative correlation. Positive correlation is observed in obese females controls. The ratio between the two steroids shows no correlation with SHBG in healthy control women. Positive correlation is observed between males. Obese females and PCOS lean patients show negative correlations. Obese PCOS women show positive correlation.

As expected, and in corcodance with the literature, SHBG increases with age. Regarding the correlation with BMI, on healthy control women this correlation is negative, as well as on obese PCOS and obese males. The other subjects show a positive correlation. Similar pattern is observed on WC and WHR.

For the variables hsCRP (C-reactive Protein), HOMA-IR , insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and lipids, similar procedure was adress. Regarding HOMA-IR and ISI, due to the fact that both variables indicate us the resistance of the insulin, only HOMA-IR was correlated with the other variables. (HOMA-IR and ISI are inverse of each other in general terms). HsCRP, is higher on obese subjects, but this interaction is only observed on PCOS women as well as fasting concentration of insulin. Fasting glucose was higher between obese females and control females, but no differences were found among the other subjects. HOMA-iR show higher levels on obese subjects, but more specifically on obese PCOS women.

Triglicerids were higher on obese subjects, being higher on males and PCOS women. Similar pattern was found on cholesterol levels and LDL cholesterol. Opposite pattern was observed on HDL cholesterol.

Regarding the literature, a scatter plot matrix was performed on the basal insulin, glucose, ISI and HOMA-IR variables. As expected, the patterns described in the literature, were found on the data.

A positive correlation between insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR levels was found. A negative correlation was found regarding ISI. A correlation plot was performed, and according to the literature, the correlations between HDL levels and BMI, hsCRP, HOMA-IR, and triglycerides (TG) were negative. The other variables show a positive correlation. Differences were found when the correlation was performed between groups.

Regarding hsCRP and BMI, only on obese males this correlation was negative. HsCRP and HOMA-IR, no relationship exists between healthy control women, obese women and obese PCOS women. A negative correlation is found in non-obese PCOS women and a positive correlation is observed between men.

HsCRP and TG, show nagative correlation for women, except on obese PCOS women and males. HsCRP and cholesterol the correlation is negative in women and positive in males.

HDL cholesterol and hsCRP show positve correlation between non-obese PCOS females and obese control females. A negative correlation is observed on the other subjects. LDL cholesterol and hscRP correlation is negative on females and positive on males.

Postprandial levels

Insulin postprandial levels are higher than basal levels on the first day. Being higher on PCOS women. The protein load day, show similar values at basal time, but on the second day, values were lower. Obese PCOS subjects present a higher concentration of glucose ath the first day. But all subjects present lower values than at the basal stage, but still lower.

Triglycerides show higher values on the lipid load day, with no distinction between groups. Still lower values than at the basal time. On the contrary levels of cholesterol were lower at postprandial levels, but higher in obese PCOS women. Same pattern was observed on LDL cholesterol. And similar pattern but without distinction between groups were observed in HDL cholesterol

Intestinal permeability markers.

As mentioned above, this data set comprises of four permeability markers and one metabolite. As we did on the clinical biomarkers, firstly we did a quick review of the literature.

CD14 (Cluster differentiation 14), is a protein that detects bacteria in the body by binding a lipopolysacharide This should be interesting when integrating the data sets. Also this binding its only possible with the Lipopolysacharide-binding-protein LBP. Also recognize other pathogen associated molecular patterns. LBP is important to cell surface pattern recongition such as CD14 and TLR4 (mentioned on the references).

GLP2 (Glucagon-like peptide2) decreases cytokine expression, and is part of the inflammatory response. Is reported than Zonulin increases in patients with diabetes mellitus II.

On the other hand, succinate, as mentioned, is a metabolite, involved in many pathways, activates the inflammatory response trough toll like receptors (mentioned on the main references).

A correlation-scatter matrix plot was performed to observe the relationships among the mean basal values of the variables, BMI included, as is an indicator of diabetes II and inflammation.

BMI, correlates positively with all variables, except on sCD14. SCD14, correlates in a positve manner with LBP and Zonulin, as described in the literature, and negatively with GLP2 and succinate.

The correlation of LBP with GLP2, zonulin and succinate is positive. There is no relationship between GLP2 and zonulin, but a positive correlation exist between succinate. Finally succinate and zonulin present a barely positive correlation.

Comparison between basal and postpranidal levels.

All variables on this data set, show higher values at basal level than at postprandial time SCD14, at basal levels is higher on non-obese subjects. Specially on healthy control women. No distinction between the other groups is found regarding non-obese subjects. Obese PCOS women show increased levels of this IP, but lower than healthy control women. At postprandial levels, similar values are found across all subjects. But on the second and third day, on non-obese subjects males and PCOS women show higher values. Obese males at the first day show the highest values at postprandial levels.

LBP mean basal values are higher on obese subjects, specifically on PCOS obese women. And no distinction between groups are observed at postprandial levels, GLP values are higher at basal levels on obese PCOS women and obese males. Between control women no distinction is observed. At postprandial levels, higher values are observed on the second and third day. With no distinction between non-obese subjects. Obese control subjects show higher values than obese PCOS women.

Zonullin mean basal levels show no distinction between groups. At postprandial levels, on the second day, between obese obese subjects, control females have the highest values followed by PCOS and males.

Succinate levels are higher on obese subjects, but remarkably higher on obese women with PCOS. At postprandial time, the first day, levels of this metabolite are higher. Being higher on non obese males and obese PCOS women. On the other days no distinction is found between groups

Metabolome

This data set was analyzed in a different way. Instead of referring at the literature, because, each metabolite is associate with many pathways, and the fact that most of them are aminoacids, we performed a correlation matrix plot. From this plot, we infer that the correlations, whether positive or negative, may be due to the physical/chemical properties.

For instance, Oxoisocaproic, Leucine, Isoleucine and Valine are positive correlated. These metabolites have in common that the Oxoisocaproic acid, is derived from the leucine, isoleucine, and valine. And leucine, isoleucine and valine are non-polar.

Normal and non-normal, i.e skewed distributions were found across all mean basal values of metabolites. For each metabolite, descriptive analysis of box plot was performed. In general postprandial levels of each metabolite were lower than basal values.

Microbiome

Gut microbiome was extracted and analyzed via faces of the subjects. We have the reads of the phylum and the genus of the microbiome. They analyzed 282 OTUs ( operational taxonomic units) 69 of which they were not capable of identify at genus level also at phylum data. Both unknown genus and phylum coded as ud- were discarded for the analysis. Furthermore, there were reads on both phylum and genus were the reads across all samples were zero. Those were also excluded from the analysis. The analysis was performed via the phyloseq package from bioconductor. Both data-sets were processed to obtain a phyloseq object.

From the phylum data, one can observe (not all) the most abundant bacteria, for example: abundance of Firmicutes is similar between obese and non-obese subjects. On obese males this abundance is higher, as well as on obese PCOS women. Less abundance is observed on obese control females. Bacteroidetes are the following phylum with higher abundance. Being higher on non-obese subjects. After that, the following phylum observed is Actinobacteria, with similar abundance on obese and non-obese subjects. Proteobacteria is higher on obese subjects.

On the other hand, regarding the genus, it cannot be observed due to the high types of genera. But in general, bacteria with less abundance is observed on obese control females, followed by healthy control females. PCOS women and males have similar abundance. Being higher on PCOS women.

Questions to adress:

  1. I think, it should be wise to obtain from the literature the normal values by sex of the several variables, specially for the clinical ones. But I think this is too much.

  2. The three times measured, for instance, 0-60-120 minutes, are not recorded on the data. O belongs to basal levels, and 60-120 to postprandial levels. However, on the permeability markers, only two times were measured, but this is not reflected on the data.

  3. What are we doing to do with succinate ?

  4. On this analysis there are not references. I am aware of that.

  5. It should be wise to compute the mean values at postprandial levels ? However, each day describe how the variable behaves, for this reason I did not do do it.

  6. It is compulsory to address the data in a multivariate way. I think I lost a lot of information. Specially on metabolites and the microbiome.

  7. Also, it is compulsory to address correlation between data types. But for this analysis I did not do it.

  8. I need a little help to address the microbiome dataset. An effort has been made to merged both phylum and genus. However, this merge process is not well done. Because, phylum is paired likewise with the genus. Therefore, one genus belongs to one phylum. And this is not coherent. Furthermore, in order to perform tree analysis, it is needed the sequences. Help is required, in order to perform a proper descriptive analysis on gut microbiome data. Is phyloseq adequate ? And for further analysis, both phylum and genus must be correlated or associated. Question: beta diversity and alpha diversity, refers to genus and phylum ?

  9. Regarding the microbiome, for further analysis, the data, which are raw reads, must be transformed and normalized. Any suggestion ?

Prepare libraries.

In order to have a reproducible research, the following chunk, install the packages if they are not installed and then are loaded into the session.

> list.of.packages <- c("xlsx", "kableExtra", "dplyr", "ggplot2", "egg", "cowplot",
+     "patchwork", "gridExtra", "UsingR", "car", "lattice", "ggpubr", "ggbreak", "GGally",
+     "reshape2", "ggcorrplot", "corrplot")
> new.packages <- list.of.packages[!(list.of.packages %in% installed.packages()[, "Package"])]  ## check for packages not installed 
> if (length(new.packages)) install.packages(new.packages)  ## install packages if necessary
> res <- unlist(lapply(list.of.packages, require, character.only = T))  ## load packages needed for the session
> if (any(res == F)) {
+     list.of.packages[which(res == F)]  ## show those package if you have troubles to install.
+ }
> 
> list.of.bioc.packages <- c("phyloseq")
> new.packages.bioc <- list.of.packages[!(list.of.bioc.packages %in% installed.packages()[,
+     "Package"])]
> if (length(new.packages.bioc)) BiocManager::install(new.packages.bioc)
> res.bioc <- unlist(lapply(list.of.bioc.packages, require, character.only = T))
> if (any(res.bioc == F)) {
+     list.of.packages[which(res.bioc == F)]  ## show those package if you have troubles to install.
+ }

Description of the clinical data

The meaning of the 61 variables are:

Variable Description
Orden Order of the subjects
Paciente Women contol (M),PCOS women (P),Male (V), d (Not obese), O (Obese), GLP (challenge macronutrients: glucose, lipids, proteins)

SEX		 0 Women, 2 Male

GROUP		 0 Women Control, 1 PCOS, 2 Male

OBESE		 0 Not obese, 1 Obese
EDAD Age
BMI Body Mass Index
WC Waist circumference
WHR Waist to hip ratio
SHBG Sex hormone-binding protein
TOTAL_TEST Total testosterone (T)
FREE_TEST Free testosterone
Total_ESTR Total estradiol (E2)
Free_ESTRA Free estradiol
RatioFreeTE2 Free T/FreeE2 ratio
hsCRP High sensitivity C-reactive protein
InsulinaBasal_mean Mean basal insluin
GlucosaBasal_mean Mean basal glucose
SOG_ISI Insulin sensitivity index (it is only calculated on the challenge oralglucose day)
HOMAIRmean Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (mean of the three days)
TGmean Triglicerids (Basal. mean of the three challenges)
COLmean Total Cholesterol (Basal. mean of the three challenges)
HDLmean HDL Cholesterol (Basal. mean of the three challenges)
LDLmean LDL Cholesterol (Basal. mean of the three challenges)
SOG_INS_B Basal insulin when challenge oral glucose day
SOL_INS_B Basal insulin when challenge oral lipid day
SOP_INS_B Basal insulin when challenge oral protein day
SOG_GLC_B Basal glucose when challenge oral glucose day
SOL_GLC_B Basal glucose when challenge oral lipid day
SOP_GLC_B Basal glucose when challenge oral protein day
SOG_HOMAIR HOMAIR Glucose Oral Challenge day
SOL_HOMAIR HOMAIR Lipid Oral Challenge day
SOP_HOMAIR HOMAIR Protein Oral Challenge day
SOG_INS_AUC Area Under the Curve of the insulin on Glucose Oral Challenge
SOL_INS_AUC Area Under the Curve of the insulin on Lipids Oral Challenge
SOP_INS_AUC Area Under the Curve of the insulin on Proteins Oral Challenge
SOG_GLU_AUC Area Under the Curve of the Glucose on Glucose Oral Challenge
SOL_GLU_AUC Area Under the Curve of the Glucose on Lipids Oral Challenge
SOP_GLU_AUC Area Under the Curve of the Glucose on ProteinsOral Challenge
SOG_TG_0 Triglicerids at basal level on Glucose Oral Challenge
SOL_TG_0 Triglicerids at basal level on Lipid Oral Challenge
SOP_TG_0 Triglicerids at basal level on Protein Oral Challenge
SOGAUCTG Triglicerids Area Under the Curve Oral Glucose Challenge
SOLAUCTG Triglicerids Area Under the Curve Oral Lipids Challenge
SOPAUCTG Triglicerids Area Under the Curve Oral Proteins Challenge
SOG_COL_0 Cholesterol at basal level on Glucose Oral Challenge
SOL_COL_0 Cholesterol basal level on Lipid Oral Challenge
SOP_COL_0 Cholesterol at basal level on Protein Oral Challenge
SOGAUCCOL Cholesterol Area Under the Curve Oral Glucose Challenge
SOLAUCCOL Cholesterol Area Under the Curve Oral Lipids Challenge
SOPAUCCOL HDL Cholesterol Area Under the Curve Oral Proteins Challenge
SOG_HDL_0 HDL Cholesterol at basal level on Glucose Oral Challenge
SOL_HDL_0 HDL Cholesterol basal level on Lipid Oral Challenge
SOP_HDL_0 HDL Cholesterol at basal level on Protein Oral Challenge
SOGAUCHDL HDLCholesterol Area Under the Curve Oral Glucose Challenge
SOLAUCHDL HDL Cholesterol Area Under the Curve Oral Lipids Challenge
SOPAUCHDL HDL Cholesterol Area Under the Curve Oral Proteins Challenge
SOG_LDL_0 LDL Cholesterol at basal level on Glucose Oral Challenge
SOL_LDL_0 LDL Cholesterol basal level on Lipid Oral Challenge
SOP_LDL_0 LDL Cholesterol at basal level on Protein Oral Challenge
SOGAUCLDL LDL Cholesterol Area Under the Curve Oral Glucose Challenge
SOLAUCLDL LDL Cholesterol Area Under the Curve Oral Lipids Challenge
SOPAUCLDL LDL Cholesterol Area Under the Curve Oral Proteins Challenge

In general SOG means Glucose Oral Challenge, SOL: Lipid Oral challenge, and SOP Protein Oral challenge.

It has to be mentioned that SOG and SOP challenges were takes at 3 times: 0, 60 and 120 min. But SOL, the times differ: 0,120,240, because the absorption of lipids by the intestine is slower.

Univariate descriptive analysis of clinical variables

First of all we’ll read all data. The route of the data is in the yaml header. The data is in xlsx format.

> general <- file.path(params$folder.data, file = params$file_general)  ## file path of the data
> general_data <- read.xlsx(general, sheetIndex = 1)  ## data
> general_data.comments <- read.xlsx(general, sheetIndex = 2)  ## comments about the data
> general_data.descripcion <- read.xlsx(general, sheetIndex = 3)  ## description of the data.
> str(general_data)  ## show general information of the data
'data.frame':   53 obs. of  63 variables:
 $ Orden             : num  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
 $ Paciente          : chr  "MdGLP2" "MdGLP3" "MdGLP4" "MdGLP5" ...
 $ SEX               : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ GROUP             : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ OBESE             : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 ...
 $ EDAD              : num  19 22 31 31 30 28 30 24 22 28 ...
 $ BMI               : num  25.2 24.4 23.9 25.3 21 ...
 $ WC                : num  86 71.5 78 79 76 75 62 91 69 95 ...
 $ WHR               : num  0.847 0.733 0.736 0.675 0.792 ...
 $ SHBG              : num  21.9 47.6 50.9 32 105.9 ...
 $ TOTAL_TEST        : num  41.8 38.2 42.5 49.3 48.5 61.4 49.9 37.7 33.8 56.3 ...
 $ FREE_TEST         : num  32.5 18.9 20.1 31.4 13.1 ...
 $ Total_ESTR        : num  31 29 37 51 26 77 35 24 54 57 ...
 $ Free_ESTRA        : num  2.86 2.03 2.51 4.19 1.18 ...
 $ RatioFreeTE2      : num  11.35 9.3 7.99 7.49 11.15 ...
 $ hsCRP             : num  6.47 1.3 1.27 2.4 1.68 1.6 1.09 2 7.25 1.13 ...
 $ InsulinaBasal_mean: num  10.03 3.73 9.67 10.67 5.4 ...
 $ GlucosaBasal_mean : num  78 91.2 75.3 95.4 78 ...
 $ SOG_ISI           : num  3.01 9.01 4.76 4.29 7.64 ...
 $ HOMAIRmean        : num  1.93 0.84 1.79 2.51 1.04 2.27 0.97 2.22 1.32 3.25 ...
 $ TGmean            : num  66.3 54.7 70.3 153.7 73.7 ...
 $ COLmean           : num  124 182 233 217 177 ...
 $ HDLmean           : num  56.3 67 71.3 43.3 52 ...
 $ LDLmean           : num  53.7 103.7 147.3 142.3 110 ...
 $ SOG_INS_B         : num  8.7 4.1 7.9 7.4 5.1 10.1 4.1 16 5.8 19.4 ...
 $ SOL_INS_B         : num  11.8 4.1 9.7 13.1 5.6 9.7 4.3 7.7 6.6 13.5 ...
 $ SOP_INS_B         : num  9.6 3 11.4 11.5 5.5 12 5.8 7.9 6.1 10.3 ...
 $ SOG_GLC_B         : num  78 90 80 97.2 79.2 86.4 79.2 91.8 84.6 104 ...
 $ SOL_GLC_B         : num  74 90 70 93.6 79.2 84.6 79.2 75.6 81 81 ...
 $ SOP_GLC_B         : num  82 93.6 76 95.4 75.6 88.2 88.2 81 95.4 81 ...
 $ SOG_HOMAIR        : num  1.677 0.912 1.562 1.777 0.998 ...
 $ SOL_HOMAIR        : num  2.158 0.912 1.678 3.03 1.096 ...
 $ SOP_HOMAIR        : num  1.945 0.694 2.141 2.711 1.027 ...
 $ SOG_INS_AUC       : num  114.9 33 53.1 91.8 38.8 ...
 $ SOL_INS_AUC       : num  -0.263 -0.438 -1.55 -1.337 0.8 ...
 $ SOP_INS_AUC       : num  8.47 6.94 3.74 8.81 8.1 ...
 $ SOG_GLU_AUC       : num  79.88 11.25 46.88 -3.15 25.2 ...
 $ SOL_GLU_AUC       : num  1.62 -4.72 6.38 -2.7 -4.5 ...
 $ SOP_GLU_AUC       : num  4.12 -3.15 1.62 0 -3.15 ...
 $ SOG_TG_0          : num  57 63 70 95 58 76 37 78 63 93 ...
 $ SOL_TG_0          : num  81 51 68 229 103 104 55 62 49 75 ...
 $ SOP_TG_0          : num  61 50 73 137 60 68 61 56 36 60 ...
 $ SOGAUCTG          : num  -3.75 -9 3 -0.75 4.25 -4.75 5 -2.5 -1.5 5 ...
 $ SOLAUCTG          : num  -12.5 -5.75 14 -51.75 17 ...
 $ SOPAUCTG          : num  -7.5 -5.5 -5.25 -22.5 -7 -13.5 -11.5 0.25 2 -3.25 ...
 $ SOG_COL_0         : num  116 192 221 211 170 131 161 155 137 190 ...
 $ SOL_COL_0         : num  121 177 237 218 173 145 172 149 148 178 ...
 $ SOP_COL_0         : num  135 177 241 221 188 141 197 164 144 174 ...
 $ SOGAUCCOL         : num  -4.25 -16 -1.5 -16.5 10.75 ...
 $ SOLAUCCOL         : num  -6.5 -18 -21 -18 3 -3 -3.5 -1 -5.5 4.75 ...
 $ SOPAUCCOL         : num  -17 -12.25 -34 -21.5 -3.25 ...
 $ SOG_HDL_0         : num  55 70 62 44 51 43 43 52 40 61 ...
 $ SOL_HDL_0         : num  54 64 75 40 49 45 49 55 44 57 ...
 $ SOP_HDL_0         : num  60 67 77 46 56 48 56 58 44 58 ...
 $ SOGAUCHDL         : num  -2.25 -7.5 -0.5 -4.5 2.5 0 2.5 -3.25 -1.75 -1 ...
 $ SOLAUCHDL         : num  -4 -12.5 -8.75 -1.5 -3 0.25 -2.25 -4.25 -2.75 1.5 ...
 $ SOPAUCHDL         : num  -7.75 -5.25 -12.5 -2.25 -2.5 -3 -6.25 -4 -1 -2.75 ...
 $ SOG_LDL_0         : num  49 109 145 148 107 72 110 87 84 110 ...
 $ SOL_LDL_0         : num  50 102 148 132 103 79 112 81 94 106 ...
 $ SOP_LDL_0         : num  62 100 149 147 120 79 128 94 92 104 ...
 $ SOGAUCLDL         : num  -1 -6.5 -2 -12.25 7.25 ...
 $ SOLAUCLDL         : num  0 -9.25 -20 -6.5 2.75 -0.25 -1.5 -9.25 -5.75 0.5 ...
 $ SOPAUCLDL         : num  -7.5 -6.25 -20.5 -14.5 0.25 -3.75 -8.5 -10 -1.75 -8 ...
> nrow(general_data)  ## number of observations
[1] 53
> ncol(general_data)  ## number of variables
[1] 63

We have 53 samples and 61 variables. The first two variables are the index of the patients, and the second column is the patient identification. From the str function we can observe that the categorical variables are as character. Thus we have to change to factor variables. Furthermore, a recodification of the values is needed as follows:

  1. SEX variable is coded as 0 and 2, being females and males respectively, recoded as Female and Male
  2. OBESE variable is coded as 0 and 1, being non-obese subjects and obese subjects respectively, recoded as No obeseand obese
  3. GROUP variable is coded as 0,1,and 2, being females, women with PCOS and males, recoded as Female, PCOS and Male respectively.
> ## recode data as above
> general_data$SEX <- factor(general_data$SEX, levels = c(0, 2), labels = c("Female",
+     "Male"))
> general_data$OBESE <- factor(general_data$OBESE, levels = c(0, 1), labels = c("No Obese",
+     "Obese"))
> general_data$GROUP <- factor(general_data$GROUP, levels = c(0, 1, 2), labels = c("Female",
+     "PCOS", "Male"))
> str(general_data)
'data.frame':   53 obs. of  63 variables:
 $ Orden             : num  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
 $ Paciente          : chr  "MdGLP2" "MdGLP3" "MdGLP4" "MdGLP5" ...
 $ SEX               : Factor w/ 2 levels "Female","Male": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
 $ GROUP             : Factor w/ 3 levels "Female","PCOS",..: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
 $ OBESE             : Factor w/ 2 levels "No Obese","Obese": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 ...
 $ EDAD              : num  19 22 31 31 30 28 30 24 22 28 ...
 $ BMI               : num  25.2 24.4 23.9 25.3 21 ...
 $ WC                : num  86 71.5 78 79 76 75 62 91 69 95 ...
 $ WHR               : num  0.847 0.733 0.736 0.675 0.792 ...
 $ SHBG              : num  21.9 47.6 50.9 32 105.9 ...
 $ TOTAL_TEST        : num  41.8 38.2 42.5 49.3 48.5 61.4 49.9 37.7 33.8 56.3 ...
 $ FREE_TEST         : num  32.5 18.9 20.1 31.4 13.1 ...
 $ Total_ESTR        : num  31 29 37 51 26 77 35 24 54 57 ...
 $ Free_ESTRA        : num  2.86 2.03 2.51 4.19 1.18 ...
 $ RatioFreeTE2      : num  11.35 9.3 7.99 7.49 11.15 ...
 $ hsCRP             : num  6.47 1.3 1.27 2.4 1.68 1.6 1.09 2 7.25 1.13 ...
 $ InsulinaBasal_mean: num  10.03 3.73 9.67 10.67 5.4 ...
 $ GlucosaBasal_mean : num  78 91.2 75.3 95.4 78 ...
 $ SOG_ISI           : num  3.01 9.01 4.76 4.29 7.64 ...
 $ HOMAIRmean        : num  1.93 0.84 1.79 2.51 1.04 2.27 0.97 2.22 1.32 3.25 ...
 $ TGmean            : num  66.3 54.7 70.3 153.7 73.7 ...
 $ COLmean           : num  124 182 233 217 177 ...
 $ HDLmean           : num  56.3 67 71.3 43.3 52 ...
 $ LDLmean           : num  53.7 103.7 147.3 142.3 110 ...
 $ SOG_INS_B         : num  8.7 4.1 7.9 7.4 5.1 10.1 4.1 16 5.8 19.4 ...
 $ SOL_INS_B         : num  11.8 4.1 9.7 13.1 5.6 9.7 4.3 7.7 6.6 13.5 ...
 $ SOP_INS_B         : num  9.6 3 11.4 11.5 5.5 12 5.8 7.9 6.1 10.3 ...
 $ SOG_GLC_B         : num  78 90 80 97.2 79.2 86.4 79.2 91.8 84.6 104 ...
 $ SOL_GLC_B         : num  74 90 70 93.6 79.2 84.6 79.2 75.6 81 81 ...
 $ SOP_GLC_B         : num  82 93.6 76 95.4 75.6 88.2 88.2 81 95.4 81 ...
 $ SOG_HOMAIR        : num  1.677 0.912 1.562 1.777 0.998 ...
 $ SOL_HOMAIR        : num  2.158 0.912 1.678 3.03 1.096 ...
 $ SOP_HOMAIR        : num  1.945 0.694 2.141 2.711 1.027 ...
 $ SOG_INS_AUC       : num  114.9 33 53.1 91.8 38.8 ...
 $ SOL_INS_AUC       : num  -0.263 -0.438 -1.55 -1.337 0.8 ...
 $ SOP_INS_AUC       : num  8.47 6.94 3.74 8.81 8.1 ...
 $ SOG_GLU_AUC       : num  79.88 11.25 46.88 -3.15 25.2 ...
 $ SOL_GLU_AUC       : num  1.62 -4.72 6.38 -2.7 -4.5 ...
 $ SOP_GLU_AUC       : num  4.12 -3.15 1.62 0 -3.15 ...
 $ SOG_TG_0          : num  57 63 70 95 58 76 37 78 63 93 ...
 $ SOL_TG_0          : num  81 51 68 229 103 104 55 62 49 75 ...
 $ SOP_TG_0          : num  61 50 73 137 60 68 61 56 36 60 ...
 $ SOGAUCTG          : num  -3.75 -9 3 -0.75 4.25 -4.75 5 -2.5 -1.5 5 ...
 $ SOLAUCTG          : num  -12.5 -5.75 14 -51.75 17 ...
 $ SOPAUCTG          : num  -7.5 -5.5 -5.25 -22.5 -7 -13.5 -11.5 0.25 2 -3.25 ...
 $ SOG_COL_0         : num  116 192 221 211 170 131 161 155 137 190 ...
 $ SOL_COL_0         : num  121 177 237 218 173 145 172 149 148 178 ...
 $ SOP_COL_0         : num  135 177 241 221 188 141 197 164 144 174 ...
 $ SOGAUCCOL         : num  -4.25 -16 -1.5 -16.5 10.75 ...
 $ SOLAUCCOL         : num  -6.5 -18 -21 -18 3 -3 -3.5 -1 -5.5 4.75 ...
 $ SOPAUCCOL         : num  -17 -12.25 -34 -21.5 -3.25 ...
 $ SOG_HDL_0         : num  55 70 62 44 51 43 43 52 40 61 ...
 $ SOL_HDL_0         : num  54 64 75 40 49 45 49 55 44 57 ...
 $ SOP_HDL_0         : num  60 67 77 46 56 48 56 58 44 58 ...
 $ SOGAUCHDL         : num  -2.25 -7.5 -0.5 -4.5 2.5 0 2.5 -3.25 -1.75 -1 ...
 $ SOLAUCHDL         : num  -4 -12.5 -8.75 -1.5 -3 0.25 -2.25 -4.25 -2.75 1.5 ...
 $ SOPAUCHDL         : num  -7.75 -5.25 -12.5 -2.25 -2.5 -3 -6.25 -4 -1 -2.75 ...
 $ SOG_LDL_0         : num  49 109 145 148 107 72 110 87 84 110 ...
 $ SOL_LDL_0         : num  50 102 148 132 103 79 112 81 94 106 ...
 $ SOP_LDL_0         : num  62 100 149 147 120 79 128 94 92 104 ...
 $ SOGAUCLDL         : num  -1 -6.5 -2 -12.25 7.25 ...
 $ SOLAUCLDL         : num  0 -9.25 -20 -6.5 2.75 -0.25 -1.5 -9.25 -5.75 0.5 ...
 $ SOPAUCLDL         : num  -7.5 -6.25 -20.5 -14.5 0.25 -3.75 -8.5 -10 -1.75 -8 ...

Firstly we perform tables across SEX,OBESE and GROUP variables, to keep in mind the main structure of the study and to perform the next descriptive table.

> (sexo <- table(general_data$SEX))

Female   Male 
    34     19 
> (sexo.obesos <- table(general_data$SEX, general_data$OBESE))
        
         No Obese Obese
  Female       18    16
  Male         10     9
> (subgrupos <- table(general_data$GROUP, general_data$OBESE))
        
         No Obese Obese
  Female        9     8
  PCOS          9     8
  Male         10     9
> ggplot(data = general_data, aes(x = GROUP, y = OBESE, fill = OBESE)) + geom_bar(stat = "identity",
+     color = "black", position = position_dodge()) + theme_minimal()

Compute a numerical descriptive table:. In order to do so, firstly we define a function called resumen that computes the sample mean and the sample standard deviation. For visualization purposes, we are only to show those statistics. Those statistics will allow us to identify the ranges of the variables. If we compute more statistics the table will not help due to its huge dimension.

> general_data.variables <- general_data[, 3:ncol(general_data)]  ## remove samples names and order from the summary
> 
> resumen <- function(x) {
+     c(round(mean(x), 4), round(sd(x), 4))
+ }  # Function that help us to summarize the data in mean and sd values
> 
> 
> general_data.sum <- general_data.variables %>%
+     group_by(GROUP, OBESE) %>%
+     summarise(across(where(is.numeric), resumen), n = n())  # Group the data by variable GROUP and OBESE
> 
> d.f <- as.data.frame(t(general_data.sum))[c(nrow(t(general_data.sum)), 1:(nrow(t(general_data.sum)) -
+     1)), ]  # transpose the data for visualization purposes and get rid off the N value for same purposes
> d.f_final <- d.f[-c(1:3), ]  # remove categorical variables.
> nombre_variables <- c("Age (years)", "BMI", "Waist circumference (cm)", "Waist to hip ratio",
+     "SHBG (nmlol/L)", "Total testosterone (nmol/L)", "Free testosterone  (pmol/L)",
+     "Total estradiol (nmol/L)", "Free estradiol (pmol/L)", "Ratio free T/E2", "hsCRP (nnmol/L)",
+     "Mean fasting insulin (pmol/L)", "Mean fasting glucose (mmol/L)", "Insulin sensitivity index",
+     "HOMA-IR", "Triglicerids (mg/dL)", "Cholesterol (mg/dL)", "HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)",
+     "LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)", "Basal insulin: Glucose day (pmol/L)", "Basal insulin: Lipid day (pmol/L)",
+     "Basal insulin: Protein day (pmol/L)", "Basal glucose: Glucose day (mmol/L)",
+     "Basal glucose: Lipid day (mmol/L)", "Basal glucose: Protein day (mmol/L)", "HOMA-IR: Glucose day",
+     "HOMA-IR: Lipid day", "HOMA-IR: Protein day", "Insulin AUC: Glucose day (pmol/L)",
+     "Insulin AUC: Lipid day (pmol/L)", "Insulin AUC: Protein day (pmol/L)", "Glucose AUC: Glucose day (mmol/L)",
+     "Glucose AUC: Lipid day (mmol/L)", "Glucose AUC: Protein day (mmol/L)", "Basal triglicerids: Glucose day (mg/dL)",
+     "Basal triglicerids: Lipid day (mg/dL)", "Basal triglicerids: Protein day (mg/dL)",
+     "Triglicerids AUC: Glucose day (mg/dL)", "Triglicerids AUC: Lipid day (mg/dL)",
+     "Triglicerids AUC: Protein day (mg/dL)", "Basal cholesterol: Glucose day (mg/dL)",
+     "Basal cholesterol: Lipid day (mg/dL)", "Basal cholesterol: Protein day (mg/dL)",
+     "Cholesterol AUC: Glucose day (mg/dL)", "Cholesterol AUC: Lipid day (mg/dL)",
+     "Cholesterol AUC: Protein day (mg/dL)", "Basal HDL: Glucose day (mg/dL)", "Basal HDL: Lipid day (mg/dL)",
+     "Basal HDL: Protein day (mg/dL)", "HDL AUC: Glucose day (mg/dL)", "HDL AUC: Lipid day (mg/dL)",
+     "HDL AUC: Protein day (mg/dL)", "Basal LDL: Glucose day (mg/dL)", "Basal LDL: Lipid day (mg/dL)",
+     "Basal LDL: Protein day (mg/dL)", "LDL AUC: Glucose day (mg/dL)", "LDL AUC: Lipid day (mg/dL)",
+     "LDL AUC: Protein day (mg/dL)")
> 
> variable_code <- colnames(general_data)[6:ncol(general_data)]
> rownames(d.f_final) <- nombre_variables
> N <- as.character(d.f_final[1, ])
> colnames(d.f_final) <- rep(c("Mean", "SD"), 6)
> ## ATTENION! Because assining left hand expression is complicated, just for one
> ## table, be careful if we put another data-set For showing the number of
> ## subjects by group
> d.f_final$Code <- variable_code
> kbl(d.f_final) %>%
+     kable_classic() %>%
+     add_header_above(c(` ` = 1, `9` = 2, `8` = 2, `9` = 2, `8` = 2, `10` = 2, `9` = 2,
+         ` ` = 1)) %>%
+     add_header_above(c(` ` = 1, `No Obese` = 2, Obese = 2, `No Obese` = 2, Obese = 2,
+         `No Obese` = 2, Obese = 2, ` ` = 1)) %>%
+     add_header_above(c(` ` = 1, `Control Females` = 4, PCOS = 4, `Control Males` = 4,
+         ` ` = 1))
Control Females
PCOS
Control Males
No Obese
Obese
No Obese
Obese
No Obese
Obese
9
8
9
8
10
9
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Code
Age (years) 26.3333 4.6098 27.2500 6.4752 23.8889 8.3433 29.8750 5.1391 24.0000 4.3716 24.8889 3.7896 EDAD
BMI 23.4148 1.8971 35.8754 4.2306 24.0574 2.5033 37.0291 4.7662 22.9177 1.7653 34.4098 3.4363 BMI
Waist circumference (cm) 76.3889 8.6811 100.3750 17.4187 72.0000 7.1414 104.5625 10.5270 81.2000 4.9621 109.7778 12.6667 WC
Waist to hip ratio 0.7486 0.0760 0.8293 0.1162 0.7309 0.0452 0.8536 0.0596 0.8321 0.0425 0.8972 0.0482 WHR
SHBG (nmlol/L) 55.6000 25.4639 42.9875 14.0526 50.0667 20.9647 32.0375 12.9223 26.8100 10.1830 20.4222 6.1092 SHBG
Total testosterone (nmol/L) 44.7889 8.4021 57.1625 15.4765 70.6889 20.4286 68.4375 29.7190 533.7200 96.0564 498.5333 102.9838 TOTAL_TEST
Free testosterone (pmol/L) 21.3686 6.6145 30.9307 7.9964 35.9979 11.7966 45.3274 24.3554 449.9461 104.3991 464.1503 94.1030 FREE_TEST
Total estradiol (nmol/L) 40.4444 17.2200 75.1250 54.5198 49.5556 54.6720 40.6250 13.3196 18.5000 4.2230 25.5556 7.1434 Total_ESTR
Free estradiol (pmol/L) 2.7165 1.1078 5.2582 2.9930 3.5792 4.2985 3.4521 1.3625 1.7922 0.5464 2.6015 0.7542 Free_ESTRA
Ratio free T/E2 8.5962 2.6411 7.5680 4.6725 17.4539 11.9788 14.0134 5.4485 263.4047 71.3749 186.3901 38.2596 RatioFreeTE2
hsCRP (nnmol/L) 2.7844 2.3526 4.0262 2.8910 2.0911 2.2553 6.8225 7.7318 3.2830 2.6263 3.2178 1.2906 hsCRP
Mean fasting insulin (pmol/L) 7.9481 2.8761 11.0875 3.0261 7.5259 4.1420 13.5375 3.5877 5.7833 1.5301 10.7222 3.9407 InsulinaBasal_mean
Mean fasting glucose (mmol/L) 84.0370 6.5987 95.7583 7.0524 80.6000 8.3380 86.8917 8.5487 89.1733 9.0693 94.1963 6.5150 GlucosaBasal_mean
Insulin sensitivity index 6.5811 2.8546 3.2793 1.1760 8.1238 4.6764 3.5345 1.4390 7.3242 2.7673 3.8209 1.6104 SOG_ISI
HOMA-IR 1.6544 0.6271 2.6312 0.6808 1.5189 0.9376 2.8800 0.7275 1.2740 0.3669 2.5156 0.9606 HOMAIRmean
Triglicerids (mg/dL) 74.1111 31.7814 81.0000 29.8238 79.4444 22.1610 100.9583 41.4455 78.8333 25.2993 101.5556 35.5949 TGmean
Cholesterol (mg/dL) 171.9259 35.9737 181.1250 36.0638 167.8889 37.8660 171.7500 35.6890 157.7333 22.2715 187.2593 33.5786 COLmean
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) 53.5926 10.1088 49.7917 7.4853 54.1852 8.8852 47.2083 7.4853 47.4333 7.1855 37.6296 3.2848 HDLmean
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) 103.0741 30.1877 111.4583 22.2461 97.4074 31.9460 104.0000 31.0673 94.1333 16.9299 128.8519 30.6934 LDLmean
Basal insulin: Glucose day (pmol/L) 7.6889 3.7428 13.3125 6.4885 6.6333 4.4797 11.8625 3.9232 5.5000 1.8361 10.4889 3.7681 SOG_INS_B
Basal insulin: Lipid day (pmol/L) 8.0667 3.2191 9.4375 2.5025 7.8222 4.1306 15.9875 4.5123 6.0400 1.8051 10.3778 4.2435 SOL_INS_B
Basal insulin: Protein day (pmol/L) 8.0889 3.2017 10.5125 3.2064 8.1222 4.7568 12.7625 3.5420 5.8100 1.6868 11.3000 4.1548 SOP_INS_B
Basal glucose: Glucose day (mmol/L) 85.1556 6.7385 100.7500 7.6717 84.1556 7.6784 88.9000 8.1787 94.3000 9.3325 96.2000 7.9032 SOG_GLC_B
Basal glucose: Lipid day (mmol/L) 80.8000 7.5664 92.0250 8.5753 76.5333 9.8250 84.9500 9.5234 86.8200 10.4492 91.2000 8.5855 SOL_GLC_B
Basal glucose: Protein day (mmol/L) 86.1556 7.8510 94.5000 8.3324 81.1111 8.4806 86.8250 10.4550 86.4000 9.6462 95.1889 5.2561 SOP_GLC_B
HOMA-IR: Glucose day 1.6363 0.8716 3.3225 1.6460 1.3978 0.9901 2.6158 0.9407 1.2821 0.4555 2.4932 0.9029 SOG_HOMAIR
HOMA-IR: Lipid day 1.6114 0.7027 2.1225 0.4954 1.4987 0.8841 3.3164 0.8473 1.3017 0.4350 2.3763 1.0477 SOL_HOMAIR
HOMA-IR: Protein day 1.7131 0.6938 2.4518 0.7852 1.6619 1.0933 2.7082 0.7091 1.2343 0.3682 2.6769 1.0427 SOP_HOMAIR
Insulin AUC: Glucose day (pmol/L) 48.5014 34.1627 61.6062 22.1336 49.2972 30.8764 72.5625 36.3968 39.2250 25.8593 62.9069 37.3647 SOG_INS_AUC
Insulin AUC: Lipid day (pmol/L) -0.6917 1.5644 -0.3406 2.0084 -1.4944 1.6134 -2.5953 1.7371 -0.6512 1.1342 -1.0875 2.0135 SOL_INS_AUC
Insulin AUC: Protein day (pmol/L) 5.8694 2.9502 16.5578 6.7377 7.0694 4.7077 11.6516 8.8620 6.4487 5.4051 7.5681 3.3687 SOP_INS_AUC
Glucose AUC: Glucose day (mmol/L) 25.5583 25.4650 36.5594 20.8420 17.1083 30.4774 45.8156 20.0215 39.7200 24.0910 50.6639 23.7712 SOG_GLU_AUC
Glucose AUC: Lipid day (mmol/L) -1.0111 3.9736 -4.7312 4.9906 0.6028 5.1180 -3.4625 4.0477 -1.7250 5.0072 -0.0306 5.3080 SOL_GLU_AUC
Glucose AUC: Protein day (mmol/L) -0.8111 3.7492 -4.0094 6.1821 -1.3500 6.6968 -0.1375 5.2689 1.6175 4.3782 0.0847 3.9764 SOP_GLU_AUC
Basal triglicerids: Glucose day (mg/dL) 66.3333 16.2173 80.5000 38.1725 67.3333 16.0156 106.0000 56.6089 73.2000 25.9392 104.2222 42.9935 SOG_TG_0
Basal triglicerids: Lipid day (mg/dL) 89.1111 56.4080 87.1250 30.4933 93.7778 39.7045 107.0000 45.6070 82.5000 19.1500 108.0000 43.5144 SOL_TG_0
Basal triglicerids: Protein day (mg/dL) 66.8889 28.3480 75.3750 26.7685 77.2222 19.3570 89.8750 36.9959 80.8000 36.7145 92.4444 27.0375 SOP_TG_0
Triglicerids AUC: Glucose day (mg/dL) -1.1111 4.5776 3.5938 5.0620 -1.0000 6.3578 4.5938 8.5825 1.2250 6.3906 8.6944 11.9516 SOGAUCTG
Triglicerids AUC: Lipid day (mg/dL) 2.7500 31.4148 12.5312 17.4138 13.2222 25.1553 5.1562 16.4794 12.6750 12.4878 8.0000 23.3275 SOLAUCTG
Triglicerids AUC: Protein day (mg/dL) -7.8333 7.3792 -3.9375 3.5701 -2.7500 9.3817 -1.0938 7.0139 -7.2250 13.0056 1.3889 7.5582 SOPAUCTG
Basal cholesterol: Glucose day (mg/dL) 166.0000 36.1490 181.8750 45.0664 166.3333 40.9909 169.0000 41.2657 149.6000 21.1513 185.8889 35.0908 SOG_COL_0
Basal cholesterol: Lipid day (mg/dL) 171.1111 36.7337 181.7500 33.3285 168.7778 38.0157 170.3750 33.2477 162.2000 23.2178 190.2222 37.1745 SOL_COL_0
Basal cholesterol: Protein day (mg/dL) 178.6667 36.8205 179.7500 32.2878 168.5556 37.8355 175.8750 34.3363 161.4000 24.8426 185.6667 29.7951 SOP_COL_0
Cholesterol AUC: Glucose day (mg/dL) -1.6944 10.3891 -6.8125 8.4808 -3.8611 9.3241 0.3750 8.0212 -1.9250 2.6875 -3.2778 4.8821 SOGAUCCOL
Cholesterol AUC: Lipid day (mg/dL) -8.1667 8.6060 -6.1875 4.9583 -5.3611 6.1213 -3.0938 7.0546 -6.4000 5.0169 -3.1111 3.5402 SOLAUCCOL
Cholesterol AUC: Protein day (mg/dL) -14.6667 9.5860 -10.0625 3.7696 -10.9444 9.4073 -5.7188 3.7878 -10.5000 8.1181 -5.1389 6.0274 SOPAUCCOL
Basal HDL: Glucose day (mg/dL) 51.1111 9.9805 48.1250 9.3264 52.7778 8.7718 46.2500 7.5734 45.3000 6.2902 37.3333 3.0822 SOG_HDL_0
Basal HDL: Lipid day (mg/dL) 52.7778 10.9291 51.1250 6.5778 54.4444 9.2616 46.7500 7.6111 49.0000 7.1957 37.2222 2.9486 SOL_HDL_0
Basal HDL: Protein day (mg/dL) 56.8889 10.5053 50.1250 8.1668 55.3333 10.1735 48.6250 7.9451 48.0000 9.2014 38.3333 4.8990 SOP_HDL_0
HDL AUC: Glucose day (mg/dL) -1.6389 3.2358 -0.2188 4.3680 -0.9167 2.3651 -0.4062 2.0175 -1.0250 2.2468 -1.6389 2.1727 SOGAUCHDL
HDL AUC: Lipid day (mg/dL) -4.3056 3.9366 -3.0625 2.3366 -2.8889 2.6520 -1.7500 2.4128 -2.8500 1.7881 -0.7222 0.7851 SOLAUCHDL
HDL AUC: Protein day (mg/dL) -4.9444 3.5395 -3.4688 1.8197 -3.6111 3.8793 -1.1250 1.6850 -3.4250 2.9440 -1.3056 1.6946 SOPAUCHDL
Basal LDL: Glucose day (mg/dL) 101.2222 32.3179 107.3750 17.2622 99.6667 34.7311 101.1250 37.6466 89.2000 17.0020 127.3333 31.4086 SOG_LDL_0
Basal LDL: Lipid day (mg/dL) 100.1111 29.2038 112.7500 27.6393 95.1111 32.3591 101.8750 28.3420 96.4000 20.1671 130.7778 32.4337 SOL_LDL_0
Basal LDL: Protein day (mg/dL) 107.8889 30.0393 114.2500 25.1268 97.4444 30.7819 109.0000 29.8377 96.8000 15.3536 128.4444 29.7830 SOP_LDL_0
LDL AUC: Glucose day (mg/dL) -1.4444 5.5562 0.1250 12.4355 -2.7222 6.5580 -0.1562 5.5226 -1.1750 3.0936 -3.3889 5.0391 SOGAUCLDL
LDL AUC: Lipid day (mg/dL) -5.5278 6.9039 -5.5312 4.5286 -5.0833 2.3552 -2.4688 5.5218 -6.2250 4.5878 -3.2222 3.1361 SOLAUCLDL
LDL AUC: Protein day (mg/dL) -8.0556 6.4345 -5.9375 2.1988 -6.7778 5.7124 -4.1250 3.3991 -5.6750 4.0398 -4.0833 4.8814 SOPAUCLDL

NOTE: Though this a descriptive summary, we provide some test just to be sure the study is well desinged.

We can check with a chisq-test if there are differences in the groups, i.e differences between obese, non-obese, sex, and patients. In total we have 6 subgroups.

> subgrupos
        
         No Obese Obese
  Female        9     8
  PCOS          9     8
  Male         10     9
> chisq.test(subgrupos)

    Pearson's Chi-squared test

data:  subgrupos
X-squared = 0.00046882, df = 2, p-value = 0.9998

There is no relationship between categorical variables.

Descriptive statistics: Age and body measures.

Before exploring the biomarkers, firstly we are going to describe age and body measures, that is:

  1. Age
  2. BMI: Body mass Index. \(kg/m^2\)
  3. WC: Waist circumference \(cm\)
  4. WHR: Waist to hip ratio.

Age and body measure variables.

In order to speed up the process of plotting, given that we have 58 numerical data, and we need to plot everything, a small script, will store in a list the histogram of all variables as whole, and boxplots by OBESE and GROUP and their interaction.

> ## Firstly store all the units for each variable.  unidades <- c('years',#age
> ## 'kg/m2',#bmi 'cm',#WC ' ',#WHR 'nmol/L',#shbg 'nmol/L',#total testosterone
> ## 'pmol/L',#free T 'pmol/L',#t E2 'pmol/L',# F E2 ' ',#Ratio T/E2 'nmol/L',#C
> ## 'pmol/L',#insulina 'mmol/L',# glucosa ' ',# ISI ' ', #HOMAIR 'mg/dL',#TG
> ## 'mg/dL',#COL 'mg/dL',#HDL 'mg/dL',#LDL 'pmol/L',#insulina 'pmol/L',#insulina
> ## 'pmol/L',#insulina 'mmol/L',# glucosa 'mmol/L',# glucosa 'mmol/L',# glucosa
> ## ' ', ' ', ' ', 'pmol/L', 'pmol/L', 'pmol/L', 'mmol/L', 'mmol/L', 'mmol/L',
> ## rep('mg/dL',24))
> 
> 
> variables <- colnames(general_data)[6:ncol(general_data)]  # store in variables object all numerical variables
> ## Save as object the categorical variables names, in order to fo a for loop
> GROUP = "GROUP"
> OBESE = "OBESE"
> SEX = "SEX"
> 
> hist.list <- list()  ## initizalize a list of the histogram
> ## plot all histograms via loop
> for (i in 1:length(variables)) {
+     variable <- variables[i]  ## name of the variable to plot
+     titulo <- nombre_variables[i]  # title of the varialbe
+ 
+     breaks <- pretty(range(general_data[, variable]), n = nclass.Sturges(general_data[,
+         variable]), min.n = 1)  # make pretty histogram by appropiate bins
+     bwidth <- breaks[2] - breaks[1]  ## bin width
+ 
+     ## plot
+     hist.list[[i]] <- ggplot(general_data, aes_string(x = variable)) + geom_histogram(aes(y = ..density..),
+         binwidth = bwidth, colour = "black") + geom_density(alpha = 0.2, fill = "lightblue") +
+         xlab(titulo) + ylab("")
+ 
+ 
+ }
> 
> 
> bp.interaction <- list()  ## intialize boxplot list interaction
> for (i in 1:length(variables)) {
+     titulo <- nombre_variables[i]
+     variable <- variables[i]
+     bp.interaction[[i]] <- ggplot(general_data, aes_string(x = GROUP, y = variable,
+         interaction(GROUP), fill = OBESE)) + geom_boxplot() + ylab(titulo)
+ 
+ }
> 
> ### intialize boxplot for obese and non obese subjects
> bp.obese <- list()
> for (i in 1:length(variables)) {
+     titulo <- nombre_variables[i]
+     variable <- variables[i]
+     bp.obese[[i]] <- ggplot(general_data, aes_string(x = SEX, y = variable, fill = OBESE)) +
+         geom_boxplot() + ylab(titulo)
+ 
+ }
> ### intialize boxplot for females, males and PCOS groups.
> bp.group <- list()
> for (i in 1:length(variables)) {
+     titulo <- nombre_variables[i]
+     variable <- variables[i]
+     bp.group[[i]] <- ggplot(general_data, aes_string(x = SEX, y = variable, fill = GROUP)) +
+         geom_boxplot() + ylab(titulo)
+ 
+ }

For those variables, i.e age, WC, WHR and BMi, the distribution of the variables without grouping is the following.

> do.call(grid.arrange, hist.list[1:4])

For the age of the subjects, it seems to be a bimodal distribution. It looks like there are two age groups, the ones bellow 25 years and the ones above 25 years. Clearly we have also a bimodal distribution for BMI, and less clearly for Waist Circumference. This is obvius because we are dealing with obese and non-obese subjects. Interestingly, the waist to hip ratio, is not bimodal.

Though for now, we are doing just a descriptive analysis, just for sanity check, we perform anova analysis on age. Though the distribution of age seems to be bimodal, the Shapiro test tells us that the data follows a normal distribution. This maybe due to the law of the large numbers.

> shapiro.test(general_data$EDAD)

    Shapiro-Wilk normality test

data:  general_data$EDAD
W = 0.96254, p-value = 0.09507
> summary(with(general_data, aov(EDAD ~ GROUP)))
            Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)
GROUP        2   65.3   32.65   0.989  0.379
Residuals   50 1651.2   33.02

As expected, there is no difference between groups. This and the chisq-test performed above will be the only test on the descriptive analysis.

Regarding the boxplots of Age, BMI, WC, and WHR, we do not observe differences between groups in age. For the rest of variables of body shape, clearly there is a difference, and it is obvious regarding the study design.

> do.call(grid.arrange, c(bp.interaction[1:4]))

Description of biohemical biomarkers.

SHBG, Testosterone, Estradiol and their relationship with age, BMI, WC and WHR.

Firstly let’s describe some variables and how do they act in the body

The Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) is a protein made by the liver. It binds tightly to androgens and estradiol. SHBG controls the amount of testosterone that your body tissues can use. The level of SHBG in the blood changes because of factors such as sex and age and obesity among other factors. Androgen deficiency. Low levels of the hormone androgen can cause general weakness and sexual problems in men. In women, androgen may affect thinking and bone strength.It may also prevent the ovaries from working the way they should.

Due to the fact that SHBG is linked with sex steroids, sex, obesity and age; we are going to plot the globulin, total and free testosterone and estradiol. And we are also going to describe the relationships between age, BMI, WHR and WC. BUt firstly, let’s inspect the distribution, of the protein and the sex steroids.

> do.call(grid.arrange, hist.list[5:10])

At first sight, we observe that the variables plotted doesn’t follow a normal distribution. Instead, all of them appear to follow a skewed right distribution. This could be due to the different groups. And the free sex steroids, more than skewed distributions seems to follow a bimodal distribution.

Secondly, let’s inspect the variables for possible patterns between obese subjects.

> do.call(grid.arrange, bp.interaction[5:10])

> do.call(grid.arrange, bp.obese[5:10])

> do.call(grid.arrange, bp.group[5:10])

> lm.TT <- ggplot(general_data, aes(SHBG, TOTAL_TEST)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("Total Testosterone")
> 
> lm.TT + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.FT <- ggplot(general_data, aes(SHBG, FREE_TEST)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("Free Testosterone")
> 
> lm.FT + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> #
> lm.TE2 <- ggplot(general_data, aes(SHBG, Total_ESTR)) + geom_smooth(method = lm,
+     formula = y ~ x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..),
+     color = "red", geom = "label") + ylab("Total Estradiol")
> 
> lm.TE2 + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.freeE2 <- ggplot(general_data, aes(SHBG, Free_ESTRA)) + geom_smooth(method = lm,
+     formula = y ~ x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..),
+     color = "red", geom = "label") + ylab("Free Estradiol")
> 
> lm.freeE2 + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.ratio <- ggplot(general_data, aes(SHBG, RatioFreeTE2)) + geom_smooth(method = lm,
+     formula = y ~ x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..),
+     color = "red", geom = "label") + ylab("Ratio Free Testosterone-E2")
> 
> lm.ratio + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.age <- ggplot(general_data, aes(EDAD, SHBG)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("SHBG")
> lm.age + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.bmi <- ggplot(general_data, aes(BMI, SHBG)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("SHBG")
> lm.bmi + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.WC <- ggplot(general_data, aes(WC, SHBG)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("SHBG")
> lm.WC + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.WHR <- ggplot(general_data, aes(WHR, SHBG)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("SHBG")
> lm.WHR + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

The SHBG is a protein that binds with sex hormones. This means that when SHBG increases, the free sex steroids diminishes because they are bind to the globulin, but the total sex steroids, augments. Therefore for health subjects and non-obese we expect to have a higher concentration of E2 in women and lower in men. The contrary happens with testosterone. On obese subjects, the SHBG, have lower levels than non-obese. In obese women, tent to have slightly levels of total testosterone, but it is barley appreciable, than non-obese women. Obese men, have lower levels of total testosterone than non-obese men. Free testosterone, has the same behavior in women. But in men, free testosterone, is higher in obese than non-obese. PCOS women, have similar values of SHBG than control women and higher concentration of testosterone levels.

The SHBG is higher in women independently if they have PCOS or not. Regarding E2, the concentration is higher in obese subjects than non-obese subjects. And higher in women irrespective if they have PCOS than men. E2 have lower concentration in PCOS women than control women.

The ratio of both free sex steroids is higher in non-obese subjects, and higher in men. But it is not distinguishable between obese and non-obese PCOS women.

As expected, SHBG increases with age, being this correlation positive, the highest in non-obese women with PCOS, followed by obese men, non-obese women, obese women, PCOS obese women, and almost without correlation in healthy men.

Regarding BMI, and WC the data shows a positive correlation with SHBG in healthy men, obese women, and non-obese PCOS women. On the other hand, a negative correlation is found in healthy women, obese PCOS women and obese men. WHR correlated with SHGB follows a similar pattern between subjects but not on healthy men, in which this correlation becomes negative, due to the men and women body shape relationships.

hsCRP, HOMA-IR, ISI, insulin, glucose, lipds and their relationship.

hsCRP Is a blood test that measures the abundance of C-Reactive Protein (CRP), which is an annular pentameric protein found in blood plasma, whose concentration rise in response of inflammation. It binds to lysophosphatidylcholine expressed on the surface of dead or dying cells and some types of bacteria, in order to activate the complement system. Synthesized by the liver, in response for interleukin-6 released by macrophagues,T cells and fat cells. CRP binds to to the phosphocholine. Inflammatory conditions also produces cytokines that trigger its synthesis. High concentration of this protein is associated with metabolic inflammation: metabolic pathways that cause arteriosclerosis and type II diabetes mellitus. Normal levels of this protein increases with age. Furthermore, obesity is linked with inflammation pathways REFERENCE!! and recent research suggest that patients.with elevated basal levels of CRP are at an increased risk of diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases. hs-CRP levels may not per se be associated with PCOS, rather can be related to fat mass in this subset of subjects. Also high levels of this protein are correlated with hyperinsulinaemia.

HOMA, the homeostatic model assessment, is method used to quantify insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta-cell function. The model describes glucose regulation as feedback loop. It is calculated as \(HOMA-IR = \frac{Glucose \times Insulin}{22.5}\).

Insulin sensitivity index, is also a method for measuring insulin resistance. It is calculated as \(\frac{1}{log(insulin_{fasting}[\mu U/mL])+log(glucose_{fasting} [mg/dL])}\). ISI is the inverse of the insulin resistance (IR).

As we did above with the sex steroids, firstly let’s inspect the distribution:

> do.call(grid.arrange, hist.list[11:16])

> do.call(grid.arrange, hist.list[17:19])

It is observed that almost all variables plotted here are right skewed, unless HDL, LDL cholesterol, and mean fasting glucose.

> do.call(grid.arrange, bp.interaction[11:16])

> do.call(grid.arrange, bp.interaction[17:19])

Regarding the mean values of basal insulin, there is higher concentration of this protein in obese subjects than non-obese. Furthermore, there are also high basal levels of glucose on obese subjects in comparison with non-obese. However, at first sight this difference in male is not observable.

hsCRP, is higher in obese women in general but there is no difference in men. Meanwhile the ISI is higher in non-obese subjects, the HOMA-IR model gives high values for obese subjects in general as well as triglycerides, LDL and Cholesterol. The HDL on the contrary show lower levels in obese subjects and higher levels in non-obese subjects.

Regarding relationships between these variables; firstly, let’s see de relationships between HOMA-IR, ISI, glucose and insulin between all subjects.

> lowerFn <- function(data, mapping, method = "lm", ...) {
+     p <- ggplot(data = data, mapping = mapping) + geom_point(colour = "blue") + geom_smooth(method = method,
+         color = "red", ...)
+     p
+ }
> 
> ggpairs(general_data[, 17:20], lower = list(continuous = wrap(lowerFn, method = "lm")),
+     diag = list(continuous = wrap("barDiag", colour = "blue")), upper = list(continuous = wrap("cor",
+         size = 5)))

Insulin and glucose show a positive correlation tough not significance, but this relationship is well known. Furhtermore, we have to take into account that we are measuring all subjects.

Given the definition of HOMA-IR and ISI, it is obvious that glucose-HOMA-IR and insulin-HOMA-IR correlation are positive. And negative respect to ISI. And given the fact that HOMA-IR is proportional to glucose and insulin and ISI is inversely proportional, it is logical that this correlation is negative.

In order to observe further relationships, we are going to use HOMA-IR model.

Now we are going to observe the relationship as a whole of hsCRP, HOMAIR, age, BMI. In other plot we are going to visualize the relationship between hsCRP and lipids.

> corr_1 <- cor(general_data[, c(6, 7, 16, 20:24)])
> ggcorrplot(corr_1, lab = T)  ## correlation plot

The following variables: BMI, hsCRP and HOMA-IR all of them correlates positively with each other.

> lm.hcrpbmi <- ggplot(general_data, aes(hsCRP, BMI)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("BMI kg/m2")
> lm.hcrpbmi + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.hcrpwc <- ggplot(general_data, aes(hsCRP, WC)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("WC cm")
> lm.hcrpwc + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.hcrpwhr <- ggplot(general_data, aes(hsCRP, WHR)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("WHR")
> lm.hcrpwhr + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

As it said by the literature, this relationship it is not related with PCOS, but rather with obesity: the data tells us in the relationship between BMI and this protein is positively correlated in all groups but not on obese males. Regarding WC, all subjects present a positive correlation likewise WHR.

> lm.homair <- ggplot(general_data, aes(hsCRP, HOMAIRmean)) + geom_smooth(method = lm,
+     formula = y ~ x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..),
+     color = "red", geom = "label") + ylab("HOMA-IR")
> lm.homair + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

Regarding hsCRP variable and its correlation with HOMA-IR model, this variable, HOMAIR tells us about the insulin resistance. There is no relationship between hsCRP and HOMAIR variables in obese females, but a positive correlation exist in males. Furthermore the values for these subjects indicates a IR (HOMAIR > 1.96).

> lm.TG <- ggplot(general_data, aes(hsCRP, TGmean)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("Triglicerids")
> lm.TG + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.TG <- ggplot(general_data, aes(hsCRP, COLmean)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("Cholesterol")
> lm.TG + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.TG <- ggplot(general_data, aes(hsCRP, HDLmean)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("HDL")
> lm.TG + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

> lm.TG <- ggplot(general_data, aes(hsCRP, LDLmean)) + geom_smooth(method = lm, formula = y ~
+     x, se = T) + geom_point(size = 3) + stat_cor(aes(label = ..r.label..), color = "red",
+     geom = "label") + ylab("LDL")
> lm.TG + facet_wrap(. ~ OBESE + GROUP)

A negative correlation between TG and hsCRP is observed across subject except on obese PCOS women, and males. Regarding cholesterol the difference is observed by sex. On women the correlation between Cholesterol and hsCRP is negative, while in men is positive. HDL-cholesterol and hsCRP show a negative correlation in healthy women, Obese PCOS, and healthy males. And a positive correlation in non-obese PCOS women and obese control women. It seems that in obese males correlation does not exist. LDL cholesterol and hsCRP show a positive correlation in men, and a negative correlation in women in general.

Description of variables along the 3 days of study

Firstly let’s see the distribution of the variables.

> ## Function that takes variable names and the labels for the axis.
> bp.1.vars <- function(datos_, vars, y_lab) {
+ 
+     datos <- cbind(datos_[, c("GROUP", "OBESE")], datos_[, vars])
+     df.melt <- melt(datos, id.vars = c("GROUP", "OBESE"))
+ 
+     # print(head(df.melt))
+ 
+ 
+     p2 <- ggplot(df.melt, aes(y = value, x = variable, fill = GROUP)) + geom_boxplot() +
+         ylab(y_lab) + facet_grid(~OBESE) + xlab("") + geom_hline(yintercept = 0,
+         linetype = "dashed", color = "red")
+ 
+ 
+     return(p2)
+ 
+ }

HOMAIR

> ## HOMAIR plots
> 
> 
> do.call(grid.arrange, hist.list[26:28])

> bp.1.vars(general_data, c(31:33), "HOMA-IR")

The distribution across the three days is right skewed. Moreover,the relationship among groups remain constant, tough there is a progressively increase of HOMA-IR values on the subsequent days in non-obese subjects. HOMA-IR values across obese subjects is higher, being PCOS women with the highest values.

Insulin

> ### Insulin basal and Postpradial
> do.call(grid.arrange, c(hist.list[c(20:22, 29:31)], list(nrow = 2, ncol = 3)))

> p1 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOG_INS_B", "SOL_INS_B", "SOP_INS_B"), "basal insulin")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOG_INS_AUC", "SOL_INS_AUC", "SOP_INS_AUC"), "Postpradial insulin") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(p1, p2)

Basal insulin shows a right skewed distribution, though Postprandial distribution of insulin seems to follow more like a normal distribution. On obese subjects, the insulin levels are higher basal and Postpradial. Basal insulin is higher on PCOS obese women, but the relationship remains almost without change across all days. Postpradial levels are remarkably higher on the glucose oral load day, followed by the last day, i.e the protein load day. With valoues also higher in woman with PCOS.

Glucose

> ### glucose basal and Postpradial
> do.call(grid.arrange, c(hist.list[c(23:25, 32:34)], list(nrow = 2, ncol = 3)))

> p1 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOG_GLC_B", "SOL_GLC_B", "SOP_GLC_B"), "basal glucose")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOG_GLU_AUC", "SOL_GLU_AUC", "SOP_GLU_AUC"), "Postpradial glucose") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(p1, p2)

Basal and Postpradial distribution of gluclose tent to follow a normal distribution. In general, postrpadrial levels of glucose are lower than basal levels. Between groups, in basal levels of glucose, obese subjects have higher levels of glucaemia. Between them, females have the highest value across all days being the glucose oral day the one with the most higher levels. On non obese subjects, males have the higher levels of glucemia. Obese women with PCOS have the lowest values of glucose in blood, though higher than non-obese PCOS women.

Triglicerids

> ## Triglicerids
> do.call(grid.arrange, c(hist.list[35:40], list(nrow = 2, ncol = 3)))

> p1 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOG_TG_0", "SOL_TG_0", "SOP_TG_0"), "basal triglicerids")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOGAUCTG", "SOLAUCTG", "SOPAUCTG"), "Postpradial triglicerids") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(p1, p2)

Distributions basal and Postpradial levels of triglicerids follow a right skewed distribution but a normal one on Postpradial levels on the load lipid and protein days. The triglicerids levels are higher at basal state than Postpradial. There are different distributions between groups across days in basal state. But these values are higher in obese subjects. Postpradial levels also, the distribution between groups is different each day, but lower on the protein load day. Although similar distributions across all subjects.

Cholesterol

> ### Cholesterol
> do.call(grid.arrange, c(hist.list[41:46], list(nrow = 2, ncol = 3)))

> p1 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOG_COL_0", "SOL_COL_0", "SOP_COL_0"), "basal cholesterol")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOGAUCCOL", "SOLAUCCOL", "SOPAUCCOL"), "Postpradial cholesterol") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(p1, p2)

Regarding the distributions, all of them seems to follow a normal one except basal cholesterol on day 1 and Postpradial cholesterol the 3th day being the first one right skewed and the lastone left skewed.

Basal levels of cholesterol are higher in obese subjects, though obese and non-obese females show a similar distribution, and PCOS and men show more variance. At Postpradial stage, the levels of cholesterolemia diminshes. With higher levels of cholesterol at the glucose and lipid load in women with PCOS.

HDL

> ### Cholesterol HDL
> do.call(grid.arrange, c(hist.list[47:52], list(nrow = 2, ncol = 3)))

> p1 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOG_HDL_0", "SOL_HDL_0", "SOP_HDL_0"), "basal HDL cholesterol")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOGAUCHDL", "SOLAUCHDL", "SOPAUCHDL"), "Postpradial HDL cholesterol") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(p1, p2)

Regarding distribution of basal and Postpradial levels of HDL cholesterol, only the AUC of HDL on the glucose day follows a normal one. Basal levels show a slightly right skewed distribution, and the other AUC on the second and thirth day follow a left skewed distribution.

HDL distribution between groups, the data show a lower concentration of HDL cholesterol on obese subjects, and in general less HDL on men. With higher concentrations in PCOS non-obese patients and obese women. At Postpradial level, in general the subjects present lower concentrations than at the basal levels. At this stage, higher levels of HDL are present in obese subjects, with no clear pattern among the days.

LDL

> ### Cholesterol HDL
> do.call(grid.arrange, c(hist.list[53:58], list(nrow = 2, ncol = 3)))

> p1 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOG_LDL_0", "SOL_LDL_0", "SOP_LDL_0"), "basal LDL cholesterol")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(general_data, c("SOGAUCLDL", "SOLAUCLDL", "SOPAUCLDL"), "Postpradial LDL cholesterol") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(p1, p2)

Distribution of LDL cholesterol at basal levels are slightly left skewed and at Postpradial stage, are right skewed, though on the first day the distribution is left skewed.

LDL cholesterol levels are higher at basal time on obese subjects, with more variance in general.Obese men have the highest values. At Postpradial stage, levels decreases in comparison with basal time. Ob obese subjects, on the 1st and 2d day, PCOS women show higher values of LDL cholesterol.

Description of Intestinal Permeability Markers.

Read the file of IP

> IP_file <- file.path(params$folder.data, file = params$file_IP)  ## file path of the data
> IP.tmp <- read.xlsx(IP_file, sheetIndex = 1)

Observe the structure of the data

> str(IP.tmp)  # show general description of the data
'data.frame':   53 obs. of  42 variables:
 $ Orden             : num  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
 $ Paciente          : chr  "MdGLP2" "MdGLP3" "MdGLP4" "MdGLP5" ...
 $ SEX               : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ GROUP             : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ OBESE             : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 ...
 $ BMI               : num  25.2 24.4 23.9 25.3 21 ...
 $ IP.markers...     : logi  NA NA NA NA NA NA ...
 $ CD14_basalmean    : num  1993 1385 2003 1322 1279 ...
 $ G_CD14_0          : num  2086 1516 2120 1363 1317 ...
 $ L_CD14_0          : num  2020 1260 2044 1437 1205 ...
 $ P_CD14_0          : num  1873 1379 1846 1165 1314 ...
 $ AUC_CD14_Glu      : num  -103.3 -64 -220.8 -84.1 21.9 ...
 $ AUC_CD14_Lipids   : num  -123.1 -43.2 -179.5 -77.6 -28.9 ...
 $ AUC_CD14_Prots    : num  -134.3 -82 -184.7 -67.6 -62.8 ...
 $ LBP_basalmean     : num  16.65 8.77 21 13.81 13.7 ...
 $ G_LBP__0          : num  22.58 9.02 20.46 13.14 15.29 ...
 $ L_LBP_0           : num  15.05 9.31 18.08 12.05 12.69 ...
 $ P_LBP_0           : num  12.31 7.99 24.46 16.25 13.13 ...
 $ AUC_LBP_Glu       : num  0.422 -0.546 -1.573 -0.285 1.245 ...
 $ AUC_LBP_Lipids    : num  -1.064 -0.5575 -0.526 0.0535 0.693 ...
 $ AUC_LBP_Prots     : num  -0.387 0.589 -1.73 -0.465 0.13 ...
 $ GLP2_basalmean    : num  4.48 4.25 4.14 5.16 3.3 ...
 $ G_GLP2_0          : num  4.5 4.38 4.05 4.57 3.79 ...
 $ L_GLP2_0          : num  4.45 4.2 4.24 4.55 2.59 ...
 $ P_GLP2_0          : num  4.5 4.16 4.12 6.36 3.51 ...
 $ AUC_GLP2_Glu      : num  -0.487 0.279 -0.436 1.86 -0.627 ...
 $ AUC_GLP2_Lipids   : num  0.255 -0.296 0.207 1.556 0.937 ...
 $ AUC_GLP2_Prots    : num  0.633 0.882 0.44 0.487 0.35 ...
 $ Zonulin_basalmean : num  31.8 23.5 28.8 25.3 28.6 ...
 $ G_Zonulin_0       : num  33.3 23.9 24.9 26.1 32.7 ...
 $ L_Zonulin_0       : num  30.4 22.9 32 26.3 25.2 ...
 $ P_Zonulin_0       : num  31.5 23.6 29.5 23.4 27.9 ...
 $ AUC_Zonulin_Glu   : num  -1.259 -1.6665 0.0457 0.1395 2.624 ...
 $ AUC_Zonulin_Lipids: num  -0.823 -1.139 -0.94 -1.04 0.201 ...
 $ AUC_Zonulin_Prots : num  -1.125 -1.053 -1.941 -1.286 -0.484 ...
 $ Succin_basalmean  : num  43.9 40.7 35.6 31.8 41.5 ...
 $ G_Succinate_0     : num  14.8 39.9 34.9 20.9 46.7 ...
 $ L_Succinate_0     : num  53.3 37.2 29.2 44.2 39.7 ...
 $ P_Succinate_0     : num  63.6 45 42.8 30.3 38.2 ...
 $ AUC_Succ_Glu      : num  27 6.5 7.3 4.3 7.7 7.1 7.7 -0.6 11 6.9 ...
 $ AUC_Succ_Lipids   : num  -8.74 2.14 -0.87 -2.01 -4.06 ...
 $ AUC_Succ_Prots    : num  -3.13 0.28 5.83 12.92 6.88 ...

We observe form the information displayed that there is a column of missing values. Furthermore, we have the same number of observations, 57, and 42 variables. Form these variables, 35 variables are new. 5 variables we have already have it from the previous analysis, and the first one is de order of the samples. Thus, in order to proceed we have to remove the missing value column. This column is only for visualization purposes in Excel.

We could merge the variables form the first dataset, but to be sure that the order of samples is not another, weare going to perform a sanity check. Furthermore, as in the clinical dataset, the categorical variables are in character class. So we need also to transform into factors.

> IP <- IP.tmp[, -7]  # remove the missin values column
> IP$SEX <- factor(IP$SEX, levels = c(0, 2), labels = c("Female", "Male"))
> IP$OBESE <- factor(IP$OBESE, levels = c(0, 1), labels = c("No Obese", "Obese"))
> IP$GROUP <- factor(IP$GROUP, levels = c(0, 1, 2), labels = c("Female", "PCOS", "Male"))
> all(IP$Paciente == general_data$Paciente)  # sanity check.
[1] TRUE
> # str(IP)

The data comprises the following permeability markers.

  1. CD14

Cluster differentiation 14 (CD14), is a human protein made mostly by macrophages as part of the innate immune system. Detects bacteria in the body by binding lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pathogen-associated molecular pattern. It is anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) CD14 acts as a co-receptor (along with the Toll-like receptor TLR 4 and MD-2) for the detection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CD14 can bind LPS only in the presence of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) but also recognizes other pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as lipoteichoic acid soluble

  1. LBP

Lipopolysaccharide binding protein: LBP is a soluble acute-phase protein that binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (or LPS) to elicit immune responses by presenting the LPS to important cell surface pattern recognition receptors called CD14 and TLR4. The protein encoded by this gene is involved in the acute-phase immunologic response to gram-negative bacterial infections. The protein encoded by this gene is involved in the acute-phase immunologic response to gram-negative bacterial infections. The proinflammatory activity of plasma LPS is increased by LPB, which is higher in obesity Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein has been shown to interact with CD14, TLR2, TLR4 and the co-receptor MD-2

  1. GLP2

Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) is a 33 amino acid peptide-encoded carboxyterminal to the sequence of GLP-1 in the proglucagon gene. Both GLP-1 and GLP-2 are secreted from gut endocrine cells and promote nutrient absorption through distinct mechanisms of action. GLP-2 regulates gastric motility, gastric acid secretion, intestinal hexose transport, and increases the barrier function of the gut epithelium. GLP-2 reduces mortality and decreases mucosal injury, cytokine expression, and bacterial septicemia in the setting of small and large bowel inflammation.

  1. Zonulin

Zonulin (haptoglobin 2 precursor) is a protein that modulates the permeability of tight junctions between cells of the wall of the digestive tract. Type 2 diabetic patients have shown increased zonulin

  1. Succinate

Activation of inflammatory macrophages through toll-like receptors induces a metabolic shift towards glycolysis…..Actually is a metabolite

For each intestinal permeability marker, it is measured at basal stage and mean, for each day corresponding to every marcronutrient load. For each day they only measured values at basal time and at 60 minutes or 120 minutes, depending if it the load was lipids or not.

Description of the variables

Variable Description
Orden Order of the subjects
Paciente Women contol (M),PCOS women (P),Male (V), d (Not obese), O (Obese), GLP (challenge macronutrients: glucose, lipids, proteins)

SEX		 0 Women, 2 Male

GROUP		 0 Women Control, 1 PCOS, 2 Male

OBESE		 0 Not obese, 1 Obese
BMI Body Mass Index
CD14_basalmean Mean basal concentration: Cluster differentiation 14 (CD14)
G_CD14_0 Basal time Glucose load day: Cluster differentiation 14
L_CD14_0 Basal time Lipid load day: Cluster differentiation 14
P_CD14_0 Basal time Protein load day: Cluster differentiation 14
AUC_CD14_Glu Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Glucose load day: Cluster differentiation 14
AUC_CD14_Lipids Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Lipids load day: Cluster differentiation 14
AUC_CD14_Prots Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Rroteins load day: Cluster differentiation 14
LBP_basalmean Mean basal concentration: Lipopolysaccharide binding protein
G_LBP__0 Basal time Glucose load day: Lipopolysaccharide binding protein
L_LBP_0 Basal time Lipid load day: Lipopolysaccharide binding protein
P_LBP_0 Basal time Protein load day: Lipopolysaccharide binding protein
AUC_LBP_Glu Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Glucose load day: Lipopolysaccharide binding protein
AUC_LBP_Lipids Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Lipids load day: Lipopolysaccharide binding protein
AUC_LBP_Prots Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Proteins load day: Lipopolysaccharide binding protein
GLP2_basalmean Mean basal concentration: Glucagon-like peptide 2
G_GLP2_0 Basal time Glucose load day: Glucagon-like peptide 2
L_GLP2_0 Basal time Lipid load day: Glucagon-like peptide 2
P_GLP2_0 Basal time Protein load day: Glucagon-like peptide 2
AUC_GLP2_Glu Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Glucose load day: Glucagon-like peptide 2
AUC_GLP2_Lipids Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Lipids load day: Glucagon-like peptide 2
AUC_GLP2_Prots Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Proteins load day: Glucagon-like peptide 2
Zonulin_basalmean Mean basal concentration: zonulin
G_Zonulin_0 Basal time Glucose load day: zonulin
L_Zonulin_0 Basal time Lipid load day: zonulin
P_Zonulin_0 Basal time Protein load day: zonulin
AUC_Zonulin_Glu Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Glucose load day: zonulin
AUC_Zonulin_Lipids Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Lipids load day: zonulin
AUC_Zonulin_Prots Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Rroteins load day: zonulin
Succin_basalmean Mean basal concentration: Succinate*
G_Succinate_0 Basal time Glucose load day: Succinate*
L_Succinate_0 Basal time Lipid load day: Succinate
P_Succinate_0 Basal time Protein load day: Succinate*
AUC_Succ_Glu Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Glucose load day: Succinate*
AUC_Succ_Lipids Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Lipids load day: Succinate*
AUC_Succ_Prots Postprandial time Area Under the Curve Rroteins load day: Succinate*

Sanity check: Statistical description of categorical variables.

> (sexo <- table(IP$SEX))

Female   Male 
    34     19 
> (sexo.obesos <- table(IP$SEX, IP$OBESE))
        
         No Obese Obese
  Female       18    16
  Male         10     9
> (subgrupos <- table(IP$GROUP, IP$OBESE))
        
         No Obese Obese
  Female        9     8
  PCOS          9     8
  Male         10     9
> ggplot(data = IP, aes(x = GROUP, y = OBESE, fill = OBESE)) + geom_bar(stat = "identity",
+     color = "black", position = position_dodge()) + theme_minimal()

Univariate descriptive analysis of IP markers

Numerical descriptive analysis

Before starting with the graphical statistical analysis, we are going to perform a numerical descriptive analysis.

> IP.variables <- IP[, 3:ncol(IP)]  ## remove samples names and order from the summary adn BMI variable, we have already described
> 
> 
> 
> IP.sum <- IP.variables %>%
+     group_by(GROUP, OBESE) %>%
+     summarise(across(where(is.numeric), resumen), n = n())  # Group the data by variable GROUP and OBESE
> 
> d.f <- as.data.frame(t(IP.sum))[c(nrow(t(IP.sum)), 1:(nrow(t(IP.sum)) - 1)), ]  # transpose the data for visualization purposes and get rid off the N value for same purposes
> d.f_final <- d.f[-c(1:4), ]  # remove categorical variables.
> nombre_variables <- c("Mean basal value sCD14", "Basal gluclose load sCD14", "Basal lipid load sCD14",
+     "Basal protein load sCD14", "Postprandial AUC glucose sCD14", "Postprandial AUC lipid sCD14",
+     "Postptrandial AUC protien sCD14", "Mean basal value LBP", "Basal gluclose load LBP",
+     "Basal lipid load LBP", "Basal protein load LBP", "Postprandial AUC glucose LBP",
+     "Postprandial AUC lipid LBP", "Postptrandial AUC protien LBP", "Mean basal value GLP2",
+     "Basal gluclose load GLP2", "Basal lipid load GLP2", "Basal protein load GLP2",
+     "Postprandial AUC glucose GLP2", "Postprandial AUC lipid GLP2", "Postptrandial AUC protien GLP2",
+     "Mean basal value zonulin", "Basal gluclose load zonulin", "Basal lipid load zonulin",
+     "Basal protein load zonulin", "Postprandial AUC glucose zonulin", "Postprandial AUC lipid zonulin",
+     "Postptrandial AUC protien zonulin", "Mean basal value Succinate", "Basal gluclose load Succinate",
+     "Basal lipid load Succinate", "Basal protein load Succinate", "Postprandial AUC glucose Succinate",
+     "Postprandial AUC lipid Succinate", "Postptrandial AUC protien Succinate")
> code_variables <- colnames(IP)[7:ncol(IP)]
> d.f_final$Coda <- code_variables
> rownames(d.f_final) <- nombre_variables
> N <- as.character(d.f_final[1, ])
> colnames(d.f_final) <- rep(c("Mean", "SD"), 6)
> ## ATTENION! Because assining left hand expression is complicated, just for one
> ## table, be careful if we put another data-set For showing the number of
> ## subjects by group
> kbl(d.f_final) %>%
+     kable_classic_2() %>%
+     add_header_above(c(` ` = 1, `9` = 2, `8` = 2, `9` = 2, `8` = 2, `10` = 2, `9` = 2,
+         ` ` = 1)) %>%
+     add_header_above(c(` ` = 1, `No Obese` = 2, Obese = 2, `No Obese` = 2, Obese = 2,
+         `No Obese` = 2, Obese = 2, ` ` = 1)) %>%
+     add_header_above(c(` ` = 1, `Control Females` = 4, PCOS = 4, `Control Males` = 4,
+         ` ` = 1))
Control Females
PCOS
Control Males
No Obese
Obese
No Obese
Obese
No Obese
Obese
9
8
9
8
10
9
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD NA
Mean basal value sCD14 1622.53 356.55 1349.80 158.86 1376.26 196.62 1395.71 172.30 1461.57 242.92 1218.02 157.48 CD14_basalmean
Basal gluclose load sCD14 1616.46 349.80 1333.78 168.48 1423.12 233.21 1392.30 176.97 1463.60 265.09 1162.24 183.34 G_CD14_0
Basal lipid load sCD14 1655.84 405.99 1371.43 194.75 1353.05 200.78 1408.38 189.84 1506.82 261.62 1236.10 229.28 L_CD14_0
Basal protein load sCD14 1595.27 367.41 1344.18 165.22 1352.62 194.04 1386.45 225.45 1414.27 286.78 1255.71 179.92 P_CD14_0
Postprandial AUC glucose sCD14 -56.20 77.48 -28.39 55.17 -36.21 52.44 -29.73 52.23 -32.80 36.27 33.71 39.57 AUC_CD14_Glu
Postprandial AUC lipid sCD14 -84.47 57.17 -16.63 53.27 -28.40 44.51 -36.66 82.26 -40.16 41.69 3.87 69.53 AUC_CD14_Lipids
Postptrandial AUC protien sCD14 -98.09 49.26 -51.30 31.31 -43.90 37.85 -14.94 54.48 -57.13 34.04 -45.16 35.67 AUC_CD14_Prots
Mean basal value LBP 14.51 3.92 17.18 6.32 13.67 4.35 20.23 5.57 12.92 3.69 15.72 3.14 LBP_basalmean
Basal gluclose load LBP 15.10 4.87 16.53 5.85 15.38 6.27 22.10 8.37 13.35 4.46 16.43 5.82 G_LBP__0
Basal lipid load LBP 13.06 3.06 16.76 7.12 12.26 4.84 17.86 4.15 12.30 3.23 14.66 2.91 L_LBP_0
Basal protein load LBP 15.36 5.13 18.24 6.81 13.37 3.61 20.74 5.64 13.10 4.05 16.07 3.75 P_LBP_0
Postprandial AUC glucose LBP -0.13 0.81 -0.93 0.74 -0.30 1.44 -1.25 2.24 -0.31 0.55 -0.87 1.31 AUC_LBP_Glu
Postprandial AUC lipid LBP -0.25 0.65 -0.12 1.16 -0.21 0.66 -0.54 0.89 0.20 0.82 0.34 0.82 AUC_LBP_Lipids
Postptrandial AUC protien LBP -0.43 0.72 -0.79 1.09 -0.37 0.50 -0.42 1.33 -0.17 0.25 -0.34 0.50 AUC_LBP_Prots
Mean basal value GLP2 4.34 0.60 4.11 0.95 3.53 0.53 4.88 0.75 4.49 0.82 5.61 2.28 GLP2_basalmean
Basal gluclose load GLP2 4.34 0.62 4.30 0.91 3.52 0.42 4.91 1.21 4.46 0.78 5.33 2.37 G_GLP2_0
Basal lipid load GLP2 4.02 0.90 4.00 1.11 3.29 0.76 4.97 1.11 4.37 0.69 5.70 2.10 L_GLP2_0
Basal protein load GLP2 4.66 0.81 4.04 1.07 3.78 0.62 4.76 0.53 4.64 1.22 5.81 2.53 P_GLP2_0
Postprandial AUC glucose GLP2 -0.05 0.81 -0.21 0.35 -0.05 0.29 -0.32 0.26 -0.24 0.28 -0.45 0.60 AUC_GLP2_Glu
Postprandial AUC lipid GLP2 0.53 0.63 0.46 0.47 0.68 0.50 0.15 0.47 0.56 0.45 0.28 0.45 AUC_GLP2_Lipids
Postptrandial AUC protien GLP2 0.71 0.31 1.07 0.42 0.81 0.45 0.64 0.27 1.07 0.41 0.87 0.35 AUC_GLP2_Prots
Mean basal value zonulin 27.36 3.21 29.26 1.85 27.82 3.34 30.79 4.78 25.85 4.05 29.41 4.01 Zonulin_basalmean
Basal gluclose load zonulin 28.28 4.55 30.67 5.03 28.97 4.55 34.59 9.44 25.64 4.74 29.41 4.92 G_Zonulin_0
Basal lipid load zonulin 26.82 3.47 27.83 3.95 27.10 3.83 28.91 3.21 25.13 3.98 29.41 4.05 L_Zonulin_0
Basal protein load zonulin 26.98 3.26 29.26 2.64 27.40 3.64 28.88 3.31 26.77 4.45 29.40 4.51 P_Zonulin_0
Postprandial AUC glucose zonulin -0.11 1.32 0.33 2.01 -0.24 1.15 0.02 1.22 -0.26 0.78 0.68 1.54 AUC_Zonulin_Glu
Postprandial AUC lipid zonulin -0.67 1.34 1.19 1.89 0.06 0.83 0.20 1.67 -0.08 1.40 0.49 1.17 AUC_Zonulin_Lipids
Postptrandial AUC protien zonulin -0.78 0.89 0.05 0.97 -0.13 0.75 -0.65 1.86 -0.40 0.68 0.44 1.15 AUC_Zonulin_Prots
Mean basal value Succinate 36.36 7.53 43.64 14.93 37.14 9.72 57.11 20.53 31.97 13.24 41.98 20.37 Succin_basalmean
Basal gluclose load Succinate 31.96 12.97 44.00 23.65 31.76 21.29 51.41 28.77 31.58 19.36 51.06 28.23 G_Succinate_0
Basal lipid load Succinate 40.77 18.71 37.89 16.26 39.35 10.34 59.32 23.25 31.77 16.95 33.03 19.76 L_Succinate_0
Basal protein load Succinate 36.34 13.60 49.03 17.92 40.32 8.18 60.59 21.22 32.57 8.63 41.85 22.91 P_Succinate_0
Postprandial AUC glucose Succinate 8.67 7.56 11.64 10.13 7.93 6.02 18.34 8.17 12.75 14.23 7.50 8.05 AUC_Succ_Glu
Postprandial AUC lipid Succinate -3.95 10.76 2.42 6.23 -3.23 2.89 -1.78 8.37 1.02 10.60 0.23 4.25 AUC_Succ_Lipids
Postptrandial AUC protien Succinate 4.05 4.81 5.81 5.85 3.86 8.69 2.27 9.28 6.27 6.20 6.35 8.37 AUC_Succ_Prots

General graphical descriptive analysis of the mean values at basal stage.

Like we have doing until now, firstly let’s describe the distribution of the main variables: sCD14, LBP, zonulin, and succinate. We hace to take into account that succinate is more like a metabolite rather than an intenstinal permeability marker. Furhtemore, there is the doubt if we have to analyze this metabolite with the metabolome or with this dataset, because the units are differents.

WHAT ARE THE UNITS OF THIS DATA SET ?

> variables <- colnames(IP)[7:ncol(IP)]
> hist.list.IP <- list()  ## initizalize a list of the histogram
> ## plot all histograms via loop
> for (i in 1:length(variables)) {
+     variable <- variables[i]  ## name of the variable to plot
+     titulo <- nombre_variables[i]  # title of the varialbe
+ 
+     breaks <- pretty(range(IP[, variable]), n = nclass.Sturges(IP[, variable]), min.n = 1)  # make pretty histogram by appropiate bins
+     bwidth <- breaks[2] - breaks[1]  ## bin width
+ 
+     ## plot
+     hist.list.IP[[i]] <- ggplot(IP, aes_string(x = variable)) + geom_histogram(aes(y = ..density..),
+         binwidth = bwidth, colour = "black") + geom_density(alpha = 0.2, fill = "lightblue") +
+         xlab(titulo) + ylab("")
+ 
+ 
+ }
> 
> 
> bp.interaction <- list()  ## intialize boxplot list interaction
> for (i in 1:length(variables)) {
+     titulo <- nombre_variables[i]
+     variable <- variables[i]
+     bp.interaction[[i]] <- ggplot(IP, aes_string(x = GROUP, y = variable, interaction(GROUP),
+         fill = OBESE)) + geom_boxplot() + ylab(titulo)
+ 
+ }
> do.call(grid.arrange, hist.list.IP[grep("basalmean", colnames(IP)[7:ncol(IP)])])

All mean basal values for the variables in this dataset follows a right skewed distribution, except the mean basal value of LBP.

Now let’s take a look at the main relationships between them and the BMI.

> ggpairs(IP[, c(6, grep("basalmean", colnames(IP)))], lower = list(continuous = wrap(lowerFn,
+     method = "lm")), diag = list(continuous = wrap("barDiag", colour = "blue")),
+     upper = list(continuous = wrap("cor", size = 5)), columnLabels = c("BMI", "sCD14",
+         "LBP", "GLP2", "zonulin", "Succinate"))

In general terms, without making groups, BMI correlates positively with all basal levels of LBP, GLP2, zonulin and Succinate. This means, while BMI augments, all levels increases except CD14 in which the correlation is negative. All correlations are statistically significant.

Regarding, CD14 none of the correlation is statistically significant, furthermore, barely is there any correlation. Between positive with LBP and zonulin and negative for Succinate and GLP2.

LBP correlates statistical significant in a positive manner with zonulin and Succinate. Positive also, but statistically significant with GLP2

GLP2 with zonulin though the data tells us there is a positive correlation, practically this correlation does not exist. Though is statistical significant positive with Succinate. Furthermore Succinate and zonulin does not correlate.

Now, we are going to proceed to observe the different values of each variable at basal, Postprandial and between the different days.

CD14
> cd14_basal <- bp.interaction[1]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(IP, c("G_CD14_0", "L_CD14_0", "P_CD14_0"), "Basal CD14")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(IP, c("AUC_CD14_Glu", "AUC_CD14_Lipids", "AUC_CD14_Prots"), "Postpradial CD14") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(cd14_basal[[1]], p1, p2)

Postpradial levels of CD14 are lower than basal levels of this permeability marker. Non-obese women have higher values of CD14 at basal stage, followed by non-obese men. Obese PCOS women, have the highest values between obese subjects, but lower than healthy women, and similar values in non-obese PCOS women. Obese men and obese women, have lower levels than non-obese subjects. Postpradial levels, are lower in non-obese subjects, being lower women. Obese men at the first day have the highest values.

LBP
> lbp_basal <- bp.interaction[8][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(IP, c("G_LBP__0", "L_LBP_0", "P_LBP_0"), "Basal LBP")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(IP, c("AUC_LBP_Glu", "AUC_LBP_Lipids", "AUC_LBP_Prots"), "Postpradial LBP") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(lbp_basal, p1, p2)

Basal levels of LBP are higher than Postpradial stage. The IP data tells us that the mean basal values are higher in obese subjects, but mostly on PCOS obese women. At Postpradial stage, higher values have the non.obese subjects, but with more variability in obese subjects. Obese men at the lipid load day, have the highest values at Postprandial levels. In general at Postpradial stage the levels are similar between non-obese subjects.

GLP
> lbp_basal <- bp.interaction[15][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(IP, c("G_GLP2_0", "L_GLP2_0", "P_GLP2_0"), "Basal GLP2")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(IP, c("AUC_GLP2_Glu", "AUC_GLP2_Lipids", "AUC_GLP2_Prots"), "Postpradial GLP2") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(lbp_basal, p1, p2)

Again, basal levels of GLP2 are higher than at Postpradial stage. Regarding the mean basal values, we observe that the obese PCOS and men have higher values. Control females, both obese and non-obese have similar distribution of values. While healthy males and PCOS obese women have similar values. If we see the data at the different days, on non-obese PCOS women, these patients have the lower values.

At Postpradial time, in general, across subjects, the valuesof GLP2 increases at the lipid and protein levels progressively. With similar values between subjects on non-obese persons. Obese PCOS women, show lower values of GLP2.

zonulin
> lbp_basal <- bp.interaction[22][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(IP, c("G_Zonulin_0", "L_Zonulin_0", "P_Zonulin_0"), "Basal Zonulin")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(IP, c("AUC_Zonulin_Glu", "AUC_Zonulin_Lipids", "AUC_Zonulin_Prots"),
+     "Postpradial Zonulin") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9,
+     hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(lbp_basal, p1, p2)

Basal levels of zonulin are higher than Postpradial levels. The mean basal levels are higher in obese subjects, but higher in obese women with PCOS. This values are higher at basal levels on the glucose load day. Similar values at Postpradial time or non-obese subjects is observed. Meanwhile on obese subjects these values increases. At glucose load day, the higher levels are in obese men. Next day and, in overall, obese control females have the highest concentration of zonulin, meanwhile the last day again, obese men have the higher value.

Succinate.
> lbp_basal <- bp.interaction[29][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(IP, c("G_Succinate_0", "L_Succinate_0", "P_Succinate_0"), "Basal Succinate")
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(IP, c("AUC_Succ_Glu", "AUC_Succ_Lipids", "AUC_Succ_Prots"), "Postpradial Succinate") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> grid.arrange(lbp_basal, p1, p2)

Basal concentration levels of succinate are higher than Postprandial levels. This levels are higher in obese subjects, particularly on PCOS women. At Postpradial time, non-obese males, have higher values, being this concentration higher on the first day. On obese subjects, also, the higher values are at the first day, with PCOS obese females with higher concentration, even in comparison with non-obese subjects.

Description of the metabolites.

Read the file of the metabolome. The data as the other datasets, are in excel format. Furthermore, sheet 2 , gives information about the encoding of the metabolites. There is a row of NA because of the import, so we remove that row. Then this dataset, the sample names have a different name than the Intestinal Permeability, and Clinical variables data-sets.

> metabolome_file <- file.path(params$folder.data, file = params$file_metabolome)  ## file path of the data
> metabolome.tmp <- read.xlsx(metabolome_file, sheetIndex = 1)  # read the data
> metabolites_name <- read.xlsx(metabolome_file, sheetIndex = 2)$Metabolitos  # read the names of the metabolites
> any(is.na(metabolome.tmp))  # there is a row of missing values.
[1] TRUE
> metabolome <- metabolome.tmp[-nrow(metabolome.tmp), ]  ## remove the missing value row
> metabolome$GROUP <- general_data$GROUP  ## add GROUP variable 
> metabolome$OBESE <- general_data$OBESE  ## add OBESE variables.

Observe the structure of the data

> str(metabolome)  # show general description of the data
'data.frame':   53 obs. of  263 variables:
 $ Order                 : num  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ...
 $ Sample                : chr  "Md2" "Md3" "Md4" "Md5" ...
 $ Oxoisocaproic_mean    : num  0.0573 0.01 0.047 0.009 0.013 ...
 $ Leu_mean              : num  0.151 0.114 0.146 0.163 0.108 ...
 $ Isoleu_mean           : num  0.0397 0.0337 0.0383 0.0493 0.0307 ...
 $ Valine_mean           : num  0.143 0.1183 0.172 0.1127 0.0793 ...
 $ Isobutyric_mean       : num  0.0217 0.0373 0.019 0.041 0.0163 ...
 $ Oxoisovaleric_mean    : num  0.01933 0.00433 0.01767 0.001 0.00133 ...
 $ OHbutyric_mean        : num  0.0873 0.0387 0.026 0.058 0.0497 ...
 $ Lactate_mean          : num  0.896 0.891 1.026 0.943 1.258 ...
 $ Alanine_mean          : num  0.277 0.238 0.347 0.256 0.228 ...
 $ Acetate_mean          : num  0.125 0.334 0.342 0.36 0.402 ...
 $ Glycoprot_mean        : num  0.0753 0.046 0.0583 0.061 0.046 ...
 $ Acetone_mean          : num  0.01833 0.00767 0.01 0.012 0.00933 ...
 $ Gluacid_mean          : num  0.0463 0.045 0.0523 0.047 0.045 ...
 $ Pyruvate_mean         : num  0.01433 0.00567 0.00867 0.00767 0.00567 ...
 $ Pyroglu_mean          : num  0.0207 0.0407 0.016 0.0353 0.039 ...
 $ Gln_mean              : num  0.1757 0.0967 0.1573 0.1117 0.119 ...
 $ Citrate_mean          : num  0.0203 0.0157 0.0257 0.0207 0.029 ...
 $ Asn_mean              : num  0.00833 0.00667 0.007 0.00633 0.007 ...
 $ Creatinine_mean       : num  0.0443 0.0443 0.049 0.0377 0.042 ...
 $ Creatine_mean         : num  0.036 0.039 0.044 0.035 0.0233 ...
 $ Lysine_mean           : num  0.04567 0.00433 0.04367 0.005 0.005 ...
 $ Ornithine_mean        : num  0.02333 0.00633 0.01567 0.01033 0.00933 ...
 $ Choline_mean          : num  0.0303 0.0277 0.0287 0.024 0.0283 ...
 $ Carnitine_mean        : num  0.0607 0.102 0.0913 0.1153 0.1057 ...
 $ Betaine_mean          : num  0.126 0.0597 0.0657 0.0727 0.0473 ...
 $ Glycine_mean          : num  0.1213 0.068 0.105 0.0483 0.054 ...
 $ Threonine_mean        : num  0.032 0.017 0.0327 0.0107 0.015 ...
 $ Glycerol_mean         : num  0.03 0.003 0.03167 0.01233 0.00933 ...
 $ Serine_mean           : num  0.0277 0.018 0.0237 0.0283 0.028 ...
 $ Proline_mean          : num  0.03 0.0183 0.0263 0.0307 0.026 ...
 $ BGlucose_mean         : num  0.245 0.153 0.238 0.178 0.158 ...
 $ DGlucose_mean         : num  0.379 0.221 0.373 0.261 0.241 ...
 $ Methys_mean           : num  0.01733 0.00367 0.01133 0.00167 0.00333 ...
 $ Tyrosine_mean         : num  0.0407 0.0233 0.0327 0.03 0.021 ...
 $ Phe_mean              : num  0.035 0.036 0.0347 0.0307 0.0247 ...
 $ Tryp_mean             : num  0.015 0.015 0.017 0.0127 0.0113 ...
 $ Formate_mean          : num  0.00867 0.025 0.01 0.022 0.02567 ...
 $ Oxoisocaproic_G0      : num  0.0518 0.0148 0.0551 0.0145 0.0224 ...
 $ Oxoisocap_AUCgluc     : num  -0.00673 -0.00214 -0.00543 -0.0041 -0.00866 ...
 $ Oxoisocaproic_L0      : num  0.051 0.01181 0.04199 0.00463 0.00948 ...
 $ Oxoisocap_AUClipid    : num  -0.00622 0.00142 -0.0109 0.00529 0.00231 ...
 $ Oxoisocaproic_P0      : num  0.06859 0.00312 0.0437 0.0084 0.00787 ...
 $ Oxoisocap_AUCprot     : num  -0.013101 -0.000119 0.005073 -0.001926 -0.001248 ...
 $ Leu_G0                : num  0.1443 0.1318 0.1516 0.1365 0.0935 ...
 $ Leu_AUCgluc           : num  -0.0322 -0.0235 -0.0179 -0.0442 -0.0129 ...
 $ Leu_L0                : num  0.173 0.107 0.114 0.187 0.102 ...
 $ Leu_AUClipid          : num  -0.02595 -0.01064 0.00926 -0.04509 -0.02946 ...
 $ Leu_P0                : num  0.136 0.103 0.172 0.165 0.128 ...
 $ Leu_AUCprot           : num  0.1233 0.148 0.0457 0.1309 0.1262 ...
 $ Isoleu_G0             : num  0.0422 0.0336 0.0442 0.0365 0.0249 ...
 $ Isoleu_AUGgluc        : num  -0.01406 -0.00595 -0.01167 -0.01176 -0.00623 ...
 $ Isoleu_L0             : num  0.0531 0.0361 0.0324 0.0527 0.0323 ...
 $ Isoleu_AUGlipid       : num  -0.010252 -0.006543 0.000303 -0.011161 -0.005115 ...
 $ Isoleu_P0             : num  0.0235 0.0313 0.0391 0.0576 0.0349 ...
 $ Isoleu_AUGprot        : num  0.0576 0.0444 0.0395 0.0409 0.0469 ...
 $ Valine_G0             : num  0.1507 0.1334 0.1994 0.095 0.0616 ...
 $ Valine_AUGgluc        : num  -0.04244 -0.03201 -0.03191 -0.01836 -0.00688 ...
 $ Valine_L0             : num  0.1497 0.1039 0.1303 0.1035 0.0799 ...
 $ Valine_AUGlipid       : num  -0.0104 -0.01073 -0.00749 -0.01144 -0.01356 ...
 $ Valine_P0             : num  0.1282 0.1183 0.1872 0.1393 0.0956 ...
 $ Valine_AUGprot        : num  0.0975 0.1103 0.0383 0.1016 0.1038 ...
 $ Isobutyric_G0         : num  0.022 0.0383 0.0203 0.0474 0.0113 ...
 $ Isobutyric_AUGgluc    : num  -0.00332 -0.00911 0.0019 -0.01931 0.00502 ...
 $ Isobutyric_L0         : num  0.02273 0.02997 0.02352 0.02753 0.00446 ...
 $ Isobutyric_AUGlipid   : num  -0.00619 -0.0079 -0.00927 -0.00333 0.01239 ...
 $ Isobutyric_P0         : num  0.0195 0.0437 0.0125 0.0484 0.0344 ...
 $ Isobutyric_AUGprot    : num  0.00537 -0.00597 0.01362 -0.00905 0.00422 ...
 $ Oxoisovaleric_G0      : num  2.03e-02 5.28e-03 2.64e-02 2.20e-06 3.37e-03 ...
 $ Oxoisovaleric_AUGgluc : num  0.00112 -0.003264 -0.008018 0.00116 -0.000125 ...
 $ Oxoisovaleric_L0      : num  0.01881 0.00361 0.00607 0 0.00119 ...
 $ Oxoisovaleric_AUGlipid: num  -0.00071 0.000624 0.001005 0.002536 0.001342 ...
 $ Oxoisovaleric_P0      : num  0.01894 0.00351 0.02071 0.00302 0 ...
 $ Oxoisovaleric_AUGprot : num  -0.002827 -0.001562 -0.004982 0.003797 0.000605 ...
 $ OHbutyric_G0          : num  0.1744 0.0543 0.0405 0.0538 0.031 ...
 $ OHbutyric_AUGgluc     : num  -0.1183 -0.0304 -0.025 -0.0321 -0.0119 ...
 $ OHbutyric_L0          : num  0.0576 0.0348 0.0204 0.0442 0.0788 ...
 $ OHbutyric_AUGlipid    : num  0.07737 0.00218 0.01478 0.07595 0.12219 ...
 $ OHbutyric_P0          : num  0.0303 0.0268 0.017 0.0758 0.0387 ...
 $ OHbutyric_AUGprot     : num  0.00403 0.01189 0.00192 -0.0023 -0.0016 ...
 $ Lactate_G0            : num  0.581 0.922 0.929 0.946 1.897 ...
 $ Lactate_AUGgluc       : num  0.634 0.323 0.265 0.3 0.12 ...
 $ Lactate_L0            : num  1.003 0.781 0.973 0.902 0.912 ...
 $ Lactate_AUGlipid      : num  -0.2895 0.112 -0.2624 -0.0699 0.0988 ...
 $ Lactate_P0            : num  1.104 0.971 1.175 0.98 0.966 ...
 $ Lactate_AUGprot       : num  -0.0553 0.081 -0.1383 0.162 0.0373 ...
 $ Alanine_G0            : num  0.191 0.202 0.31 0.276 0.302 ...
 $ Alanine_AUGgluc       : num  0.04772 0.06301 0.00465 -0.02003 -0.00129 ...
 $ Alanine_L0            : num  0.339 0.236 0.314 0.251 0.19 ...
 $ Alanine_AUGlipid      : num  -0.0806 0.0273 -0.058 -0.0238 -0.033 ...
 $ Alanine_P0            : num  0.301 0.277 0.417 0.24 0.192 ...
 $ Alanine_AUGprot       : num  0.091 0.0552 0.0152 0.0234 0.0786 ...
 $ Acetate_G0            : num  0.101 0.335 0.334 0.366 0.402 ...
 $ Acetate_AUGgluc       : num  0.01028 -0.01444 -0.03058 0.00806 0.01222 ...
 $ Acetate_L0            : num  0.147 0.333 0.351 0.402 0.441 ...
 $ Acetate_AUGlipid      : num  -0.00395 -0.03058 -0.168 -0.00451 -0.054 ...
 $ Acetate_P0            : num  0.128 0.335 0.342 0.313 0.363 ...
 $ Acetate_AUGprot       : num  -0.00974 -0.01856 0.0043 0.03414 0.06576 ...
  [list output truncated]

Create a numerical descriptive table, with the meaning of the variables encoding.

> metabolome.variables <- metabolome[, 3:ncol(metabolome)]  ## remove samples names and order from the summary
> 
> 
> metabolome.sum <- metabolome.variables %>%
+     group_by(GROUP, OBESE) %>%
+     summarise(across(where(is.numeric), resumen), n = n()) %>%
+     mutate_if(is.numeric, format, 4)  # Group the data by variable GROUP and OBESE
> 
> d.f <- as.data.frame(t(metabolome.sum))[c(nrow(t(metabolome.sum)), 1:(nrow(t(metabolome.sum)) -
+     1)), ]  # transpose the data for visualization purposes and get rid off the N value for same purposes
> d.f_final <- d.f[-c(1:3), ]  # remove categorical variables.
> auxfn <- function(ch) {
+     # Function that help us to build the meaning of each variable
+ 
+     meas1 <- paste("Mean value (a.u)", ch)
+     return(meas1)
+ 
+ }
> 
> auxfn2 <- function(ch) {
+     # Function that help us to build the meaning of each variable (2)
+     gb <- paste("Basal levels at glucose oral load day:", ch, "(a.u)")
+     gp <- paste("Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day:", ch, "(a.u)")
+     lb <- paste("Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day:", ch, "(a.u)")
+     lp <- paste("Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day:", ch, "(a.u)")
+     pb <- paste("Basal levels at lipids oral load day:", ch, "(a.u)")
+     pp <- paste("Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day:", ch, "(a.u)")
+     return(c(gb, gp, lb, lp, pb, pp))
+ }
> 
> # name of each variable.
> nombre_metabolitos_variable <- c(unlist(lapply(metabolites_name, auxfn)), unlist(lapply(metabolites_name,
+     auxfn2)))
> 
> rownames(d.f_final) <- nombre_metabolitos_variable
> N <- as.character(d.f_final[1, ])
> colnames(d.f_final) <- rep(c("Mean", "SD"), 6)
> d.f_final$varcode <- colnames(metabolome)[3:(ncol(metabolome) - 2)]
> colnames(d.f_final)[13] <- "variable Code"
> ## ATTENION! Because assining left hand expression is complicated, just for one
> ## table, be careful if we put another data-set For showing the number of
> ## subjects by group
> as.data.frame(d.f_final)
                                                                                     Mean
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                            0.0204
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                         0.1216
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                      0.0358
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                        0.1063
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                 0.0260
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                            0.0067
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                           0.0547
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                         1.0700
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                         0.2493
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                         0.3652
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                       0.0576
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                         0.0105
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                 0.0454
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                        0.0068
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                               0.0350
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                     0.1226
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                         0.0249
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                    0.0071
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                      0.0463
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                        0.0292
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                          0.0150
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                       0.0116
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                         0.0290
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                     0.0934
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                         0.0810
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                         0.0781
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                     0.0202
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                        0.0144
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                        0.0266
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                       0.0246
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                    0.1744
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                       0.2627
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                               0.0053
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                        0.0274
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                 0.0306
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                    0.0123
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                         0.0191
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0216
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          -0.0029
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)       0.0194
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         -0.0021
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                 0.0203
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)        -0.0035
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.1194
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0205
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                    0.1199
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0082
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                              0.1255
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.1195
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0344
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0088
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                 0.0374
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0049
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                           0.0357
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0432
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.1095
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0220
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                   0.0957
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0073
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                             0.1136
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.0898
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0285
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               -0.0057
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)             0.021
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0023
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0282
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0069
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0077
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          -0.0013
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0041
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          0.0011
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                 0.0084
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        -0.0015
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0578
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         -0.0336
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0454
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0756
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0608
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       -0.0122
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             1.1376
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                        0.2059
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                    1.1333
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      -0.2396
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                              0.9390
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      0.1209
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.2441
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                        0.0119
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                    0.2497
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0324
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                              0.2541
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0548
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.3778
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       -0.0108
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                    0.3548
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      -0.0151
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                              0.3629
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      0.0148
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0562
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     -0.0023
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)  0.0583
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    -0.0053
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)            0.0584
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   -0.0027
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0115
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       -0.0012
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                    0.0103
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0004
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                              0.0096
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       8e-04
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0486
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               -0.0034
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0428
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0032
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0447
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0172
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0061
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                       0.0033
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                   0.0065
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0008
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                             0.0076
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0064
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0348
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             -0.0048
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)          0.0354
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0117
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0351
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           -0.0001
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.1220
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0012
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                0.1207
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0017
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                          0.1253
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0149
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0257
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                        0.0047
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                    0.0247
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0037
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                              0.0242
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                      0.0008
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0070
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                    0e+00
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)               0.0072
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  0.0002
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                          7e-03
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.0023
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0467
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0033
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                 0.0445
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0018
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                           0.0476
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0014
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0311
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0025
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                   0.0265
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0046
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                             0.0298
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0090
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0170
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        -0.0014
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                     0.0135
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        0.0019
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                               0.0146
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0185
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0112
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0012
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                  0.0124
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0004
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                            0.0111
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    0.0010
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                             0.0316
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                        0.0000
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                    0.0286
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0019
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                               0.027
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                      0.0019
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0962
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0039
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                0.0881
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0057
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                          0.0960
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                 -0.0022
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0870
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                        0.0017
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                    0.0796
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       0.0007
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                              0.0767
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      0.0064
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0738
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0069
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                    0.0786
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0082
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                              0.0819
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0015
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0206
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0045
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                0.0187
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0031
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                          0.0216
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0110
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0134
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      -0.0042
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                   0.0154
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     -0.0003
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                             0.0142
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    -0.0047
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0281
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0030
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                   0.0269
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      0.0009
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                             0.0249
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0138
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0245
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     -0.0028
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                  0.0232
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0053
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                            0.0260
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0093
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.1843
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                   0.0563
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)               0.1638
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 -0.0072
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                         0.1751
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                -0.0126
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.2767
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                      0.0785
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                  0.2590
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    -0.0157
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                            0.2523
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                   -0.0135
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0050
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)              -1e-04
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)          0.0056
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            -0.0013
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                    0.0052
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             0.001
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0266
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0038
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                   0.0288
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0046
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                             0.0271
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      0.019
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0306
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               -0.0028
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)            0.0300
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              -0.0033
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                      0.0310
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0083
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0113
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                   -5e-04
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)               0.0135
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 -0.0013
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                         0.0123
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0021
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0195
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       -0.0016
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                    0.0183
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       0.0000
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                              0.0195
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      0.0023
                                                                                      SD
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                           0.0183
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                        0.0250
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                     0.0065
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                       0.0332
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                0.0087
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                           0.0071
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                          0.0263
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                        0.2641
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                        0.0477
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                        0.0997
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                      0.0111
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                        0.0032
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                0.0035
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                       0.0032
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                              0.0103
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                    0.0266
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                        0.0053
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                   0.0006
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                     0.0062
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                       0.0106
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                         0.0171
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                      0.0053
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                        0.0049
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                    0.0183
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                        0.0265
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                        0.0236
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                    0.0074
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                       0.0097
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                       0.0046
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                      0.0041
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                   0.0393
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                      0.0663
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                              0.0054
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                       0.0062
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                0.0039
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                   0.0028
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                        0.0060
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)               0.0188
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          0.0036
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)      0.0160
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         0.0052
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0216
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)        0.0058
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                            0.0220
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       0.0124
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0378
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.0220
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.0281
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                     0.0381
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                         0.0071
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    0.0037
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                0.0095
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0046
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0096
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                  0.0097
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                           0.0438
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      0.0117
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                  0.0300
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.0049
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.0351
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                    0.0261
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0134
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0097
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)            0.008
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0069
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0143
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)             0.0117
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0093
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          0.0033
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0059
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0010
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0080
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0034
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0448
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0329
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)     0.0205
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0693
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0543
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0314
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                            0.4693
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                       0.2705
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                   0.6387
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      0.4802
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             0.1639
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                     0.2340
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                            0.0478
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                       0.0278
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                   0.0529
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0317
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.0805
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                     0.0322
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                            0.1204
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       0.0240
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                   0.0936
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      0.0747
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.1047
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                     0.0267
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)          0.0111
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) 0.0119
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    0.0062
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0109
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   0.0037
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                            0.0087
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0046
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                   0.0020
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0051
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0032
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      3e-03
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0061
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               0.0057
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0043
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0038
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0064
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0072
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                           0.0023
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                      0.0092
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                  0.0043
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0029
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0055
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                    0.0028
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                  0.0094
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0065
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)         0.0090
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0144
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0157
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0053
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                        0.0249
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0159
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)               0.0283
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0097
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.0339
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                 0.0114
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                            0.0062
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0056
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                   0.0079
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                      0.0051
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0056
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                     0.0041
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                       0.0013
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                   9e-04
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)              0.0021
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.0022
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                         9e-04
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                0.0013
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                         0.0062
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                    0.0046
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                0.0072
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   0.0071
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0102
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  0.0053
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                           0.0131
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                      0.0050
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                  0.0120
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0061
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0112
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                    0.0079
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                             0.0199
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        0.0045
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                    0.0161
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0058
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0168
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                      0.0131
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                          0.0074
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     0.0040
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                 0.0043
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    0.0038
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0053
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                   0.0043
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                            0.0060
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0039
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                   0.0102
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                      0.0088
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                              0.011
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                     0.0078
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                        0.0228
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.0098
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)               0.0220
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                  0.0168
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0253
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                 0.0179
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                            0.0289
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       0.0089
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                   0.0283
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      0.0139
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0323
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                     0.0128
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                            0.0203
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       0.0081
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                   0.0261
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0089
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0301
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                     0.0040
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                        0.0110
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   0.0077
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)               0.0093
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0051
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0093
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                 0.0075
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                           0.0146
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      0.0091
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                  0.0120
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     0.0084
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0086
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    0.0071
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                           0.0042
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      0.0054
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                  0.0062
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0031
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0083
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                    0.0087
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                          0.0066
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0038
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                 0.0071
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0070
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0053
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                   0.0063
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                       0.0431
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                  0.0646
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)              0.0412
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 0.0140
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.0427
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                0.0169
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                          0.0732
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                     0.0869
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                 0.0797
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    0.0270
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.0499
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                   0.0196
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                  0.0048
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)              5e-04
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)         0.0067
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0021
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0050
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.002
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                           0.0063
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      0.0038
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                  0.0106
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0052
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0047
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.007
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                    0.0057
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               0.0026
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)           0.0045
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0033
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0044
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)             0.0042
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                       0.0029
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                   2e-03
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)              0.0040
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0025
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0029
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                0.0026
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                            0.0066
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       0.0018
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                   0.0061
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      0.0033
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0071
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                     0.0019
                                                                                     Mean
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                            0.0428
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                         0.1338
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                      0.0402
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                        0.1409
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                 0.0175
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                            0.0169
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                           0.0488
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                         1.1345
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                         0.2649
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                         0.0620
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                       0.0412
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                          0.023
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                 0.0436
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                        0.0209
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                               0.0157
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                     0.1330
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                         0.0202
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                    0.0063
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                      0.0399
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                        0.0325
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                          0.0523
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                       0.0193
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                         0.0264
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                     0.0615
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                         0.0570
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                         0.0836
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                     0.0234
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                        0.0272
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                        0.0238
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                       0.0226
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                    0.2288
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                       0.3342
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                               0.0135
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                        0.0325
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                 0.0293
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                    0.0155
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                         0.0124
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0418
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          -0.0027
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)       0.0449
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         -0.0044
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                  0.042
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         0.0136
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.1422
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0305
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                    0.1305
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0076
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                              0.1289
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.1554
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0406
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0124
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                 0.0407
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0055
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                           0.0391
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0562
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.1424
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0212
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                   0.1406
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0066
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                             0.1398
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.1155
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0179
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               -0.0015
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)            0.0162
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0007
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0183
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0063
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0162
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)           0.0006
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0172
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          0.0003
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                 0.0171
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        -0.0001
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0444
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         -0.0215
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0437
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0574
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0583
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       -0.0159
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             1.1283
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                        0.2565
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                    1.0738
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      -0.1407
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                              1.2016
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0425
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.2727
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                        0.0052
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                    0.2551
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0165
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                              0.2670
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0833
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.0553
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       -0.0058
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                    0.0606
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      -0.0025
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                              0.0700
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      -0.018
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0385
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     -0.0009
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)  0.0413
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     0.0004
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)            0.0437
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   -0.0021
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0274
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       -0.0051
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                    0.0199
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0043
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                              0.0216
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0016
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0477
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               -0.0052
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0410
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0013
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                       0.042
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0189
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0250
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                       0.0068
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                   0.0182
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0008
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                             0.0196
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0099
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0139
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             -0.0046
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)          0.0141
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0089
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0191
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           -0.0061
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                          0.128
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0095
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                0.1277
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0102
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                          0.1431
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0159
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0195
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                        0.0004
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                    0.0189
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0035
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                              0.0224
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                     -0.0014
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0059
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  -0.0002
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)               0.0072
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 -0.0008
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                         0.0056
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.0034
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0385
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0018
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                 0.0425
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0019
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                           0.0390
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   0.0021
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0345
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0014
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                   0.0306
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0015
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                             0.0321
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0147
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0545
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        -0.0107
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                     0.0529
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0025
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                               0.0493
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0466
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0186
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0017
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                  0.0200
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0008
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                            0.0194
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    0.0042
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                             0.0241
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                        0.0001
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                    0.0258
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0024
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                              0.0297
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                     -0.0028
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0582
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0001
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                0.0622
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                    0.006
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                          0.0641
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                  0.0025
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0573
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0021
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                    0.0585
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       0.0030
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                              0.0553
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      0.0121
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0831
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0070
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                    0.0821
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0020
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                              0.0859
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0029
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0238
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0024
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                0.0238
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0014
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                          0.0225
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0139
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0233
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      -0.0069
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                   0.0280
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     -0.0008
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                             0.0303
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    -0.0083
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0213
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0023
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                   0.0232
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0006
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                             0.0271
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0084
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0224
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     -0.0017
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                  0.0217
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0051
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                            0.0237
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0106
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.2370
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                   0.0836
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)               0.2162
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 -0.0026
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                         0.2334
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 0.0002
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.3368
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                      0.1128
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                  0.3243
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    -0.0039
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                             0.342
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    0.0023
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0132
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             -0.0014
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)          0.0139
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            -0.0010
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                    0.0132
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0041
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0339
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0063
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                   0.0299
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0010
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                             0.0336
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0289
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0291
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               -0.0029
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)            0.0283
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              -0.0016
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                      0.0304
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0113
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0136
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                  -0.0005
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)               0.0164
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 -0.0029
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                         0.0160
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0020
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0124
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                        0.0006
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                    0.0130
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       0.0001
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                              0.0118
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      0.0016
                                                                                      SD
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                           0.0101
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                        0.0349
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                     0.0121
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                       0.0350
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                0.0043
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                           0.0043
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                          0.0212
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                        0.4346
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                        0.0575
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                        0.0364
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                      0.0082
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                         0.003
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                0.0167
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                       0.0106
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                              0.0036
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                    0.0252
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                        0.0070
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                   0.0016
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                     0.0073
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                       0.0107
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                         0.0131
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                      0.0043
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                        0.0062
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                    0.0107
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                        0.0129
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                        0.0226
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                    0.0107
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                       0.0070
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                       0.0080
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                      0.0102
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                   0.0399
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                      0.0608
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                              0.0032
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                       0.0088
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                0.0058
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                   0.0025
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                        0.0018
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)               0.0100
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          0.0064
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)      0.0139
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         0.0105
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                 0.012
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)        0.0129
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                            0.0606
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       0.0217
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0271
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.0157
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.0299
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                     0.0428
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                         0.0228
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    0.0086
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                0.0116
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0082
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0077
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                  0.0121
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                           0.0484
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      0.0132
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                  0.0347
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.0130
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.0330
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                    0.0259
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0058
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0043
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)           0.0049
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0046
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0031
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)             0.0042
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0051
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          0.0031
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0051
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0035
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0045
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0024
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0208
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0116
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)     0.0294
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0402
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0333
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0147
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                            0.4463
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                       0.2802
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                   0.6222
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      0.3260
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             0.4422
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                     0.2126
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                            0.0672
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                       0.0315
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                   0.0636
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0203
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.0713
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                     0.0473
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                            0.0344
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       0.0073
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                   0.0429
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      0.0044
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.0342
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      0.006
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)          0.0088
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     0.0037
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) 0.0070
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    0.0064
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0106
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   0.0019
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                            0.0053
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0027
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                   0.0016
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0044
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0054
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                     0.0032
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0196
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               0.0044
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0147
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0034
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                      0.017
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0056
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                           0.0129
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                      0.0076
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                  0.0107
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0075
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0125
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                    0.0063
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                  0.0042
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0024
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)         0.0061
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0092
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0080
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0060
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.019
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0093
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)               0.0201
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0097
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.0398
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                 0.0170
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                            0.0080
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0044
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                   0.0055
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                      0.0044
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0086
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                     0.0037
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                       0.0017
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  0.0011
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)              0.0022
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.0015
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0022
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                0.0009
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                         0.0066
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                    0.0066
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                0.0085
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   0.0037
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0096
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  0.0059
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                           0.0172
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                      0.0073
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                  0.0091
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0035
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0082
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                    0.0088
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                             0.0161
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        0.0066
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                    0.0129
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0053
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0168
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                      0.0141
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                          0.0052
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     0.0038
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                 0.0047
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    0.0028
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0064
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                   0.0043
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                            0.0069
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0048
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                   0.0094
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                      0.0065
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                             0.0090
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                     0.0102
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                        0.0117
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.0087
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)               0.0128
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.005
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0137
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                 0.0061
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                            0.0096
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       0.0113
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                   0.0144
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      0.0067
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0203
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                     0.0185
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                            0.0186
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       0.0068
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                   0.0245
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0096
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0303
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                     0.0066
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                        0.0159
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   0.0039
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)               0.0109
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0064
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0083
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                 0.0068
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                           0.0055
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      0.0051
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                  0.0135
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     0.0072
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0115
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    0.0079
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                           0.0032
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                  0.0076
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0064
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0187
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                    0.0092
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                          0.0134
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0038
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                 0.0108
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0047
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0082
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                   0.0035
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                       0.0432
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                  0.0555
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)              0.0451
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 0.0172
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.0394
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                0.0153
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                          0.0713
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                     0.0717
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                 0.0587
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    0.0394
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                            0.062
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                   0.0234
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                  0.0030
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             0.0018
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)         0.0036
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0025
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0042
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)           0.0011
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                           0.0121
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                  0.0078
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0076
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0105
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                    0.0085
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                    0.0053
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               0.0028
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)           0.0058
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0032
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0071
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)             0.0027
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                       0.0032
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                  0.0018
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)              0.0025
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0007
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0037
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                0.0024
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                            0.0021
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       0.0019
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                   0.0024
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      0.0021
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0025
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                     0.0015
                                                                                     Mean
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                            0.0358
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                         0.1377
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                      0.0336
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                        0.1234
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                 0.0224
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                            0.0121
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                           0.0414
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                         0.9779
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                         0.2931
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                         0.3065
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                       0.0554
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                         0.0117
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                 0.0453
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                        0.0125
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                               0.0230
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                     0.1514
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                         0.0252
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                    0.0081
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                      0.0460
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                        0.0236
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                          0.0300
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                       0.0158
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                         0.0306
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                     0.0780
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                         0.0830
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                         0.1061
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                     0.0239
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                        0.0217
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                        0.0293
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                       0.0233
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                    0.2202
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                       0.3166
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                               0.0099
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                        0.0317
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                 0.0322
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                    0.0147
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                         0.0104
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0345
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          -0.0024
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)       0.0368
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         -0.0053
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                 0.0360
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)        -0.0004
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.1420
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0311
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                    0.1358
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0107
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                              0.1354
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.0993
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0330
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0073
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                 0.0310
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0005
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                           0.0367
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0381
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.1286
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0190
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                   0.1199
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0086
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                             0.1215
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.0693
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0240
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               -0.0012
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)            0.0207
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0041
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0227
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0067
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0115
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)           0.0006
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0126
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         -0.0026
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                 0.0121
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        -0.0025
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0494
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         -0.0241
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0292
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0768
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0455
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       -0.0035
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             1.0027
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                        0.2856
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                    0.9956
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      -0.0544
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                              0.9355
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      0.0115
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.2682
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                        0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                    0.3088
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0365
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                              0.3022
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0427
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.2869
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                        0.0162
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                    0.3107
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       0.0017
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                              0.3219
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0242
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0541
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     -0.0006
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)  0.0552
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    -0.0025
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)            0.0567
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   -0.0056
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0122
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                        0.0002
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                    0.0124
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      -0.0016
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                              0.0108
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0013
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0461
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               -0.0034
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0439
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0046
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0456
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0105
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0118
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                       0.0011
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                   0.0135
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0028
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                             0.0121
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0027
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0241
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             -0.0042
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)          0.0199
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0129
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0250
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           -0.0012
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.1526
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0057
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                0.1482
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0044
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                          0.1535
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0171
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0249
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                        0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                    0.0249
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0057
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                              0.0258
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                      0.0006
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0078
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  -0.0009
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)               0.0085
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  -2e-04
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                         0.0080
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  0.002
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0427
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                     0.0028
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                 0.0468
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0040
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                           0.0484
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0035
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0210
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                       0.0029
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                   0.0222
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0018
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                             0.0278
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0072
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0330
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        -0.0064
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                     0.0308
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        0.0005
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                               0.0263
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0270
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0176
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0016
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                  0.0145
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                      6e-04
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                            0.0156
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    0.0019
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                             0.0313
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       -0.0009
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                    0.0290
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0025
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                              0.0316
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       4e-04
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0772
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                    0.0064
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                0.0711
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.0074
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                          0.0853
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                 -0.0081
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0753
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                        0.0024
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                    0.0849
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0083
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                              0.0887
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0039
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.1045
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0036
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                    0.1039
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0007
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                              0.1099
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0028
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0253
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0030
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                0.0245
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0024
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                          0.0220
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0127
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0238
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      -0.0074
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                   0.0219
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     -0.0013
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                             0.0197
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    -0.0052
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0326
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0060
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                   0.0256
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0008
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                             0.0297
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0057
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0252
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     -0.0052
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                  0.0206
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0063
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                            0.0241
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0082
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.2215
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                   0.0331
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)               0.2143
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 -0.0125
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                          0.225
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                -0.0234
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.3221
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                      0.0439
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                  0.3062
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    -0.0152
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                            0.3216
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                   -0.0213
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0102
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             -0.0011
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)          0.0090
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             0.0008
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                    0.0107
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0007
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0319
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0052
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                   0.0330
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0053
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                             0.0301
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0149
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0339
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               -0.0051
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)            0.0316
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              -0.0023
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                      0.0309
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0090
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0139
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                  -0.0007
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)               0.0151
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 -0.0028
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                         0.0152
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0014
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0108
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                        0.0000
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                    0.0102
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      -0.0001
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                              0.0102
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      0.0011
                                                                                      SD
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                           0.0144
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                        0.0200
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                     0.0048
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                       0.0315
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                0.0070
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                           0.0067
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                          0.0206
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                        0.1789
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                        0.0507
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                        0.0976
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                      0.0062
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                        0.0023
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                0.0087
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                       0.0057
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                              0.0149
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                    0.0143
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                        0.0048
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                   0.0016
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                     0.0082
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                       0.0113
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                         0.0151
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                      0.0060
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                        0.0090
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                    0.0206
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                        0.0247
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                        0.0195
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                    0.0094
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                       0.0083
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                       0.0040
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                      0.0055
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                   0.0442
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                      0.0606
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                              0.0055
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                       0.0067
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                0.0043
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                   0.0026
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                        0.0051
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)               0.0125
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          0.0067
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)      0.0194
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         0.0080
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0136
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)        0.0066
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                            0.0273
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       0.0111
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0234
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.0132
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.0266
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                     0.0618
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                         0.0093
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    0.0044
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                0.0068
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0049
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0084
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                  0.0176
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                           0.0349
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      0.0153
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                  0.0359
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.0078
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.0332
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                    0.0282
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0104
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0052
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)           0.0092
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0089
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0080
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)             0.0110
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0066
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          0.0035
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0082
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0053
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0074
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0041
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0239
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0172
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)     0.0118
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0661
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0414
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0257
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                            0.3110
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                       0.1823
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                   0.2010
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      0.2198
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             0.3125
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                     0.2083
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                            0.0589
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                       0.0258
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                   0.0678
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0450
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.0591
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                     0.0510
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                            0.0604
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       0.0408
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                   0.1150
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      0.0286
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.1326
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                     0.0568
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)          0.0083
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     0.0048
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) 0.0048
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    0.0021
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0095
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   0.0056
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                            0.0029
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0015
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                   0.0020
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0026
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0029
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                     0.0029
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0083
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               0.0040
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0115
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0052
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0088
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0057
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                           0.0060
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                      0.0042
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                  0.0068
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0038
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0062
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                    0.0040
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                  0.0161
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0066
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)         0.0094
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0119
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0192
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0043
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                        0.0196
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0106
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)               0.0208
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0129
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.0171
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                 0.0172
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                            0.0076
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0029
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                   0.0064
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                      0.0067
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0069
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                     0.0044
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                       0.0017
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  0.0015
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)              0.0025
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  2e-03
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0027
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.003
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                         0.0103
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                    0.0039
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                0.0103
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   0.0046
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0128
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  0.0101
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                           0.0115
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                      0.0054
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                  0.0104
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0035
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0147
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                    0.0056
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                             0.0149
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        0.0062
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                    0.0176
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0062
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0176
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                      0.0126
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                          0.0058
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     0.0028
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                 0.0088
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     5e-03
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0076
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                   0.0043
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                            0.0129
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0064
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                   0.0095
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                      0.0084
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                             0.0110
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                      6e-03
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                        0.0282
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.0135
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)               0.0229
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                  0.0168
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0321
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                 0.0208
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                            0.0291
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       0.0140
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                   0.0355
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      0.0131
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0285
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                     0.0084
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                            0.0246
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       0.0032
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                   0.0253
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0174
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0175
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                     0.0116
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                        0.0123
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   0.0062
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)               0.0128
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0047
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0116
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                 0.0092
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                           0.0134
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      0.0063
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                  0.0073
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     0.0046
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0110
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    0.0082
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                           0.0086
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      0.0075
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                  0.0069
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0083
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0096
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                    0.0091
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                          0.0053
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0035
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                 0.0069
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0067
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0086
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                   0.0062
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                       0.0490
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                  0.0710
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)              0.0553
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 0.0208
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                         0.045
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                0.0272
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                          0.0794
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                     0.0588
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                 0.0690
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    0.0533
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.0571
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                   0.0384
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                  0.0056
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             0.0013
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)         0.0058
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0027
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0068
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)           0.0026
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                           0.0086
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      0.0062
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                  0.0088
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0043
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0074
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                    0.0117
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                    0.0064
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               0.0040
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)           0.0066
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0049
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0043
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)             0.0062
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                       0.0034
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                  0.0025
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)              0.0030
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0018
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0032
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                0.0026
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                            0.0060
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       0.0017
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                   0.0045
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      0.0015
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0051
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                     0.0015
                                                                                     Mean
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                            0.0593
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                         0.1703
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                      0.0555
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                        0.1915
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                 0.0192
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                            0.0240
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                           0.0601
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                         1.3403
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                         0.3525
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                         0.1531
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                       0.0645
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                         0.0307
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                 0.0506
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                        0.0305
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                               0.0148
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                     0.1683
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                         0.0267
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                    0.0073
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                      0.0659
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                        0.0386
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                          0.0619
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                       0.0232
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                         0.0317
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                     0.0846
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                         0.0676
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                         0.0936
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                     0.0302
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                        0.0302
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                        0.0231
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                       0.0280
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                    0.2874
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                       0.4178
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                               0.0159
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                        0.0402
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                 0.0359
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                    0.0158
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                         0.0163
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0555
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          -0.0070
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)       0.0596
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         -0.0036
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                 0.0629
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         0.0068
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.1569
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0191
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                    0.1776
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0062
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                              0.1766
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.1415
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0520
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0094
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                 0.0542
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0021
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                           0.0603
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0471
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.1893
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0213
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                   0.1927
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0044
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                             0.1927
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.0999
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0185
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               -0.0015
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)            0.0195
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0044
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0195
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0064
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0219
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)           0.0014
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0258
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         -0.0009
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                 0.0243
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        -0.0011
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0459
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         -0.0167
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0669
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0616
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0675
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       -0.0148
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             1.2590
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                        0.2964
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                    1.4677
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      -0.2554
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                              1.2942
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0511
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.3430
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                        0.0076
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                    0.3528
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0158
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                              0.3618
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0555
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.1499
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       -0.0052
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                    0.1519
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      -0.0031
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                              0.1575
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0187
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0603
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)      0.0045
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)  0.0660
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    -0.0013
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)            0.0676
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   -0.0026
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0275
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                        0.0001
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                    0.0334
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0042
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                              0.0315
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0017
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0446
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                0.0006
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0551
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0069
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0521
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               0.016
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0249
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                       0.0162
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                   0.0367
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0045
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                             0.0298
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0080
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0128
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             -0.0027
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)          0.0150
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0108
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0166
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           -0.0040
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.1617
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                    0.0019
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                0.1704
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0093
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                          0.1728
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0162
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0265
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                        0.0022
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                    0.0262
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0064
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                              0.0276
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                      -2e-04
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0064
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                   0.0007
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)               0.0074
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  0.0003
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                         0.0080
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.0027
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0735
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0158
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                 0.0523
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0019
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                           0.0719
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0173
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0362
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                       0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                   0.0394
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0044
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                             0.0403
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0137
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                               0.060
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                         -0.001
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                     0.0656
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        0.0029
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                               0.0600
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0483
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0216
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0007
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                  0.0239
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     -3e-04
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                            0.0240
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     0.002
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                             0.0282
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                        0.0062
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                    0.0321
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0023
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                               0.035
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                     -0.0011
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0813
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                    0.0055
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                0.0823
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.0034
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                          0.0900
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                  0.0038
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0662
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                        0.0043
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                    0.0711
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0018
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                              0.0653
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      0.0001
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0921
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0021
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                    0.0928
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0051
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                              0.0958
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0042
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0292
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0031
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                0.0300
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0012
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                          0.0316
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0114
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0313
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      -0.0103
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                   0.0291
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      0.0006
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                             0.0305
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    -0.0043
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0225
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0004
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                   0.0214
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      0.0032
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                             0.0250
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0061
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0264
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     -0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                  0.0299
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0038
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                            0.0279
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0106
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.2697
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                   0.1724
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)               0.2961
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 -0.0199
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                         0.2962
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 0.0035
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.4084
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                      0.2101
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                  0.4311
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    -0.0108
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                            0.4141
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    0.0266
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0160
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             -0.0002
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)          0.0165
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            -0.0001
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                    0.0150
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0053
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0388
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0040
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                   0.0399
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0041
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                             0.0419
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0207
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0347
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               -0.0001
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)            0.0367
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              -0.0019
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                      0.0363
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0124
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0156
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                   0.0000
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)               0.0164
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 -0.0015
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                         0.0155
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0036
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0162
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       -0.0004
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                    0.0161
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       -6e-04
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                              0.0168
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0018
                                                                                      SD
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                           0.0087
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                        0.0141
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                     0.0052
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                       0.0136
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                0.0044
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                           0.0028
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                          0.0204
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                        0.4347
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                        0.0545
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                        0.0158
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                      0.0151
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                        0.0053
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                0.0062
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                       0.0156
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                              0.0043
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                    0.0136
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                        0.0046
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                   0.0014
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                     0.0281
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                       0.0072
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                         0.0085
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                      0.0030
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                        0.0042
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                    0.0108
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                        0.0193
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                        0.0190
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                    0.0051
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                       0.0076
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                       0.0059
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                      0.0026
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                   0.0186
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                      0.0290
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                              0.0027
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                       0.0058
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                0.0021
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                   0.0021
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                        0.0023
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)               0.0131
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          0.0113
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)      0.0104
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         0.0093
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0109
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)        0.0153
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                            0.0177
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       0.0190
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0162
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.0058
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.0260
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                     0.0573
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                         0.0074
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    0.0096
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                0.0100
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0067
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0081
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                  0.0261
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                           0.0304
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      0.0219
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                  0.0213
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.0109
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.0232
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                    0.0452
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0088
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0032
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)           0.0066
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0042
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0048
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)             0.0069
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0042
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          0.0037
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0046
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0035
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0058
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0058
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0181
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0128
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)     0.0510
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0466
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0194
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0133
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                            0.4811
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                       0.2377
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                   0.6231
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      0.2542
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             0.4740
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                     0.3269
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                            0.0606
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                       0.0368
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                   0.0923
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0422
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.0743
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                     0.0772
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                            0.0231
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       0.0137
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                   0.0156
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      0.0068
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.0220
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                     0.0123
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)          0.0237
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     0.0108
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) 0.0111
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    0.0047
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0133
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   0.0051
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                            0.0050
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0044
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                   0.0113
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0055
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0081
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                     0.0066
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0100
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               0.0054
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0042
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0042
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0106
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.014
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                           0.0177
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                      0.0121
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                  0.0198
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0052
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0137
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                    0.0131
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                  0.0048
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0031
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)         0.0082
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0076
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0046
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0042
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                        0.0238
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0197
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)               0.0191
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0115
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.0133
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                 0.0181
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                            0.0047
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0068
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                   0.0060
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                      0.0053
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0073
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                      7e-03
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                       0.0030
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  0.0023
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)              0.0017
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.0017
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0031
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                0.0027
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                         0.0749
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                    0.0518
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                0.0067
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   0.0049
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0456
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  0.0361
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                           0.0136
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                      0.0100
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                  0.0079
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0058
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0157
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                    0.0072
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.015
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                         0.014
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                    0.0086
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0046
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0106
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                      0.0160
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                          0.0067
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     0.0074
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                 0.0071
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     4e-03
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0051
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    0.004
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                            0.0054
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0086
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                   0.0072
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                      0.0091
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                              0.010
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                     0.0091
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                        0.0157
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.0141
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)               0.0140
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                  0.0107
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0156
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                 0.0113
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                            0.0281
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       0.0133
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                   0.0278
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      0.0153
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0248
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                     0.0094
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                            0.0194
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       0.0142
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                   0.0196
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0079
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0291
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                     0.0187
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                        0.0062
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   0.0093
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)               0.0083
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0050
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0061
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                 0.0113
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                           0.0105
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      0.0072
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                  0.0084
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     0.0079
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0155
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    0.0123
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                           0.0060
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      0.0038
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                  0.0092
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0092
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0097
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                    0.0081
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                          0.0050
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                 0.0028
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0037
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0036
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                   0.0062
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                       0.0393
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                  0.0757
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)              0.0215
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 0.0103
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.0142
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                0.0272
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                          0.0404
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                     0.0769
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                 0.0397
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    0.0310
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.0477
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                   0.0254
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                  0.0032
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             0.0034
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)         0.0033
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0017
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0037
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)           0.0023
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                           0.0078
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      0.0045
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                  0.0068
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0050
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0054
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                    0.0113
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                    0.0043
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               0.0038
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)           0.0030
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0033
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0050
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)             0.0045
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                       0.0035
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                  0.0032
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)              0.0023
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0018
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0028
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                0.0038
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                            0.0043
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       0.0031
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                   0.0021
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       2e-03
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0057
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                     0.0050
                                                                                     Mean
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                            0.0640
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                         0.1981
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                      0.0534
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                        0.1979
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                 0.0212
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                            0.0212
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                           0.1003
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                         0.8914
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                         0.2380
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                         0.1682
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                       0.0573
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                         0.0187
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                 0.0457
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                        0.0137
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                               0.0254
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                     0.1568
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                         0.0242
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                    0.0080
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                      0.0627
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                        0.0214
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                          0.0540
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                       0.0215
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                         0.0302
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                     0.0954
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                         0.0773
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                          0.097
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                     0.0237
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                        0.0188
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                        0.0225
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                       0.0263
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                    0.2669
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                       0.4015
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                               0.0157
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                        0.0336
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                 0.0352
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                    0.0167
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                         0.0105
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0635
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          -0.0057
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)       0.0653
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         -0.0014
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                 0.0632
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         0.0098
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.1885
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0366
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                     0.208
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0226
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                              0.1983
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.1859
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0514
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0128
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                 0.0538
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0036
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                           0.0550
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0687
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.1998
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0306
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                   0.1979
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0127
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                             0.1962
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.1315
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0220
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               -0.0009
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)            0.0212
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0032
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0206
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0105
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0236
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          -0.0019
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0207
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          0.0012
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                 0.0192
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0013
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0775
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         -0.0418
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)      0.1278
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0227
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0956
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       -0.0213
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             0.8826
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                        0.2752
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                    0.9666
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      -0.0916
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                              0.8248
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      0.0645
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.2386
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                        0.0050
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                    0.2432
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0228
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                              0.2322
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0625
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.1712
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       -0.0071
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                    0.1704
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      -0.0121
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                              0.1628
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0142
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0564
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     -0.0018
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)  0.0583
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    -0.0017
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)            0.0570
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   -0.0028
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0202
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       -0.0016
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                    0.0167
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0062
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                              0.0193
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0042
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0446
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               -0.0019
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0462
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0027
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0461
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0201
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0147
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                       0.0094
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                   0.0157
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0001
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                             0.0109
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0102
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0197
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             -0.0070
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)          0.0324
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0003
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0242
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           -0.0051
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.1510
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0063
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                0.1591
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0017
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                          0.1604
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0194
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0246
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                        0.0022
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                    0.0234
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0034
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                              0.0242
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                     -0.0008
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0071
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                   0.0000
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)               0.0086
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 -0.0010
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                         0.0081
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.0026
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0626
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0027
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                 0.0610
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0009
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                           0.0644
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0044
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0246
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0006
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                   0.0178
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                      0.0016
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                             0.0220
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0126
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0571
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        -0.0070
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                     0.0532
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        0.0041
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                               0.0520
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0516
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0208
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0026
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                  0.0214
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     0.0005
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                            0.0223
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    0.0048
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                             0.0279
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                        0.0016
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                    0.0297
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                      -0.0022
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                              0.0328
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                     -0.0028
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0991
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                    0.0039
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                0.0907
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.0026
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                          0.0961
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                 -0.0006
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0777
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0058
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                    0.0715
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0002
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                              0.0828
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      0.0070
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0967
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0068
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                    0.1003
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0013
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                              0.0940
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0049
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0245
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0050
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                0.0231
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0005
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                          0.0234
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0147
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0160
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      -0.0019
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                   0.0202
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     -0.0035
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                             0.0200
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    -0.0073
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0214
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0015
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                   0.0221
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0009
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                             0.0238
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0086
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0246
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     -0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                  0.0272
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0016
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                            0.0271
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0138
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.2791
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                   0.1000
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)               0.2676
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 -0.0088
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                         0.2541
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 0.0133
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.4046
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                      0.1283
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                  0.4068
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    -0.0140
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                            0.3934
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                   -0.0035
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0145
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)              0.0001
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)          0.0155
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            -0.0003
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                    0.0171
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0036
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0322
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0045
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                   0.0357
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0041
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                             0.0328
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0269
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0362
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               -0.0045
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)            0.0344
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              -0.0011
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                      0.0347
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0120
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0162
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                  -0.0018
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)               0.0179
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 -0.0021
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                         0.0161
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0045
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0107
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                        0.0002
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                    0.0111
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      -0.0010
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                              0.0097
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      0.0007
                                                                                      SD
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                           0.0076
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                        0.0173
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                     0.0080
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                       0.0205
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                0.0032
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                           0.0020
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                          0.0787
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                        0.2428
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                        0.0557
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                        0.0269
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                      0.0129
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                        0.0026
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                0.0076
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                       0.0063
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                              0.0127
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                    0.0118
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                        0.0032
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                   0.0014
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                     0.0066
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                       0.0080
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                         0.0088
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                      0.0054
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                        0.0092
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                    0.0093
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                        0.0114
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                         0.010
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                    0.0054
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                       0.0039
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                       0.0047
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                      0.0033
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                   0.0238
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                      0.0241
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                              0.0028
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                       0.0065
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                0.0048
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                   0.0027
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                        0.0009
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)               0.0097
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          0.0043
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)      0.0138
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         0.0099
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0101
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)        0.0160
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                            0.0267
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       0.0116
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                    0.024
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.0156
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.0282
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                     0.0738
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                         0.0080
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    0.0058
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                0.0100
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0041
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0125
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                  0.0216
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                           0.0317
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      0.0204
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                  0.0277
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.0152
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.0224
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                    0.0381
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0074
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0058
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)           0.0039
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0024
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0068
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)             0.0077
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0044
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          0.0035
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0050
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0049
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0043
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0033
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0456
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0337
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)     0.1949
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0581
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0541
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0358
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                            0.2112
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                       0.2112
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                   0.4722
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      0.3599
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             0.1733
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                     0.1087
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                            0.0482
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                       0.0167
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                   0.0689
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0299
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.0613
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                     0.0352
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                            0.0289
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       0.0222
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                   0.0403
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      0.0102
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.0330
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                     0.0191
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)          0.0147
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     0.0030
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) 0.0129
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    0.0041
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0123
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   0.0025
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                            0.0044
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0031
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                   0.0040
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0043
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0049
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                     0.0065
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0108
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               0.0046
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0067
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0043
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0089
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0079
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                           0.0083
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                      0.0056
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                  0.0098
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0072
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0052
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                    0.0059
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                  0.0089
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0065
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)         0.0326
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0102
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0081
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0063
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                        0.0155
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0125
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)               0.0141
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0117
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.0136
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                 0.0129
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                            0.0065
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0044
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                   0.0045
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                      0.0049
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0046
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                     0.0032
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                       0.0020
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  0.0012
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)              0.0020
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.0015
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0014
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                0.0018
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                         0.0077
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                    0.0075
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                0.0098
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   0.0089
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0066
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  0.0053
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                           0.0099
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                      0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                  0.0079
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0038
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0086
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                    0.0061
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                             0.0118
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        0.0092
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                    0.0092
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0081
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0103
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                      0.0177
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                          0.0073
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     0.0053
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                 0.0076
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    0.0053
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0054
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                   0.0043
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                            0.0141
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0088
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                   0.0126
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                      0.0068
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                             0.0143
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                     0.0138
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                        0.0125
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.0114
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)               0.0141
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                  0.0120
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0149
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                 0.0112
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                            0.0209
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       0.0110
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                   0.0160
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      0.0107
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0109
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                     0.0066
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                            0.0141
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       0.0077
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                   0.0142
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0104
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0101
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                     0.0074
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                        0.0096
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   0.0041
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)               0.0073
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0052
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0076
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                 0.0058
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                           0.0061
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      0.0067
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                  0.0099
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     0.0063
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0035
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    0.0035
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                           0.0073
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      0.0063
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                  0.0056
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0067
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0074
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                    0.0043
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                          0.0071
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0047
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                 0.0085
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0058
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0035
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                   0.0071
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                       0.0386
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                  0.0777
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)              0.0170
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 0.0117
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.0248
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                0.0162
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                          0.0423
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                     0.0856
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                 0.0320
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    0.0238
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.0396
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                   0.0306
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                  0.0030
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             0.0013
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)         0.0030
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0021
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0038
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)           0.0025
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                           0.0082
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      0.0056
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                  0.0089
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0065
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0072
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                    0.0124
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                    0.0055
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               0.0025
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)           0.0064
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0034
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0052
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)             0.0052
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                       0.0048
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                  0.0033
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)              0.0032
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0027
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0028
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                0.0029
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                            0.0020
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       0.0018
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                   0.0012
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      0.0015
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0018
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                     0.0022
                                                                                     Mean
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                            0.0597
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                         0.1878
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                      0.0519
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                        0.1830
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                  0.021
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                            0.0207
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                           0.0540
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                         1.1284
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                         0.2902
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                         0.1771
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                       0.0513
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                         0.0223
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                 0.0524
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                        0.0180
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                               0.0154
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                     0.1516
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                         0.0194
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                    0.0070
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                      0.0523
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                        0.0279
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                          0.0499
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                       0.0224
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                         0.0256
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                     0.0810
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                         0.0629
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                         0.0940
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                     0.0209
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                        0.0189
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                        0.0226
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                       0.0236
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                    0.2649
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                       0.3862
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                                0.015
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                        0.0358
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                 0.0359
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                    0.0168
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                         0.0131
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0601
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          -0.0085
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)       0.0595
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         -0.0012
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                 0.0596
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         0.0091
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.1729
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0264
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                    0.1922
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0214
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                              0.1985
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.1205
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0446
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0089
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                 0.0533
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0063
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                           0.0577
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0453
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.1712
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0172
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                   0.1879
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0188
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                             0.1896
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.0856
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0222
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               -0.0012
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)            0.0216
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0035
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0195
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0094
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0210
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)           0.0005
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0208
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          0.0002
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                 0.0204
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        -0.0002
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0527
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         -0.0245
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0446
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0260
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0644
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       -0.0154
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             1.0779
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                        0.1720
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                    1.0979
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      -0.2321
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                              1.2094
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                     -0.1341
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.2793
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                        0.0108
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                    0.2885
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0281
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                              0.3027
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0572
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.1749
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       -0.0019
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                    0.1717
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       0.0040
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                              0.1848
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      0.0038
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0482
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)      0.0012
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)  0.0525
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    -0.0028
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)            0.0533
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   -0.0027
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0214
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       -0.0023
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                    0.0223
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0037
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                              0.0229
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0012
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0498
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                0.0006
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0534
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              -0.0054
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                      0.0543
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0140
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0215
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                       0.0067
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                   0.0150
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0001
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                             0.0172
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0083
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0142
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             -0.0042
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)          0.0139
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0044
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0180
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           -0.0017
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                          0.144
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0044
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                0.1558
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0024
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                          0.1549
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0125
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0195
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                        0.0025
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                    0.0187
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0006
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                              0.0200
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                     -0.0001
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0059
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                   0.0005
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)               0.0076
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 -0.0006
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                         0.0072
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.0020
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0496
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                     0.0004
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                 0.0515
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0027
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                           0.0555
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  -0.0011
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0264
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                       0.0003
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                   0.0259
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0006
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                             0.0313
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0080
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0463
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                         0.0011
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                     0.0516
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0026
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                               0.0519
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0338
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0198
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                      0.0007
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                  0.0226
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    -0.0030
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                            0.0249
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    0.0007
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                             0.0266
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                        0.0011
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                    0.0212
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0065
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                              0.0290
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                     -0.0016
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0843
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0046
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                0.0748
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.0070
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                          0.0841
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                 -0.0034
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0573
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0046
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                    0.0536
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       0.0014
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                              0.0780
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0008
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0890
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       -0.0025
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                    0.0956
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0065
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                              0.0974
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0005
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0206
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   -0.0031
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                0.0180
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   0.0026
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                          0.0239
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0096
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0180
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      -0.0051
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                   0.0181
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     -0.0011
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                             0.0205
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    -0.0054
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0232
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0038
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                   0.0227
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0010
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                             0.0219
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0060
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0248
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     -0.0023
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                  0.0201
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0031
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                            0.0261
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0094
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.2673
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                   0.1456
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)               0.2624
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 -0.0093
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                         0.2652
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 0.0072
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.3847
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                      0.1876
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                  0.3822
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    -0.0006
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                            0.3918
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    0.0059
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0146
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             -0.0006
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)          0.0154
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            -0.0008
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                    0.0150
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0016
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0344
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      -0.0036
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                   0.0348
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     -0.0016
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                             0.0379
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0162
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0336
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               -0.0014
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)            0.0379
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              -0.0055
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                      0.0360
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0073
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0156
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                  -0.0007
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)               0.0181
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 -0.0033
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                         0.0166
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0014
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0129
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       -0.0003
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                    0.0131
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      -0.0001
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                              0.0135
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                     -0.0001
                                                                                      SD
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                           0.0068
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                        0.0226
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                     0.0074
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                       0.0213
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                 0.007
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                           0.0024
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                          0.0305
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                        0.3531
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                        0.0622
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                        0.0766
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                      0.0104
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                        0.0041
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                0.0099
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                       0.0055
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                              0.0050
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                    0.0240
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                        0.0022
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                   0.0011
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                     0.0093
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                       0.0119
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                         0.0088
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                      0.0061
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                        0.0085
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                    0.0188
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                        0.0213
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                        0.0257
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                    0.0066
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                       0.0069
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                       0.0055
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                      0.0041
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                   0.0312
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                      0.0508
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                               0.004
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                       0.0051
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                0.0054
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                   0.0018
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                        0.0014
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)               0.0077
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)          0.0065
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)      0.0109
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)         0.0112
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                0.0089
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)        0.0089
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                            0.0280
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                       0.0135
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0241
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                      0.0172
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                             0.0397
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                     0.0331
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                         0.0096
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                    0.0076
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                0.0111
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                   0.0094
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          0.0119
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                  0.0130
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                           0.0119
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                      0.0127
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                  0.0331
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                     0.0222
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            0.0312
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                    0.0211
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0060
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0048
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)           0.0075
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0062
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0101
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)             0.0051
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0034
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)          0.0038
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)      0.0033
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0023
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                0.0041
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0027
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)              0.0465
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)         0.0338
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)     0.0209
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)        0.0301
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               0.0573
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)       0.0312
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                            0.2999
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                       0.1334
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                   0.4172
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                      0.1755
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                             0.4606
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                     0.2079
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                            0.0663
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                       0.0303
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                   0.0814
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                      0.0197
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                             0.0871
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                     0.0268
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                            0.0806
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                       0.0103
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                   0.0744
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                      0.0139
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                             0.0817
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                     0.0330
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)          0.0091
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)     0.0027
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) 0.0116
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)    0.0045
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           0.0110
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)   0.0033
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                            0.0047
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                       0.0051
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                   0.0067
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                      0.0051
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                             0.0073
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                     0.0060
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    0.0076
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)               0.0043
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0126
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)              0.0065
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     0.0100
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0076
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                           0.0080
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                      0.0045
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                  0.0078
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                     0.0041
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            0.0069
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                    0.0058
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                  0.0084
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)             0.0046
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)         0.0045
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)            0.0069
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                   0.0104
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)           0.0066
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.023
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                   0.0099
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)               0.0245
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                  0.0084
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                         0.0285
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                 0.0054
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                            0.0041
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                       0.0038
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                   0.0032
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                      0.0024
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                             0.0043
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                     0.0024
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                       0.0022
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                  0.0014
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)              0.0012
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                 0.0018
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                        0.0012
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                0.0012
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                         0.0096
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                    0.0073
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                0.0083
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                   0.0076
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                          0.0133
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                  0.0112
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                           0.0104
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                      0.0044
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                  0.0142
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                     0.0056
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            0.0170
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                    0.0066
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                             0.0070
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                        0.0057
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                    0.0102
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                       0.0061
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              0.0159
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                      0.0091
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                          0.0050
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                     0.0025
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                 0.0059
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                    0.0035
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           0.0109
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                   0.0077
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                            0.0109
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                       0.0115
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                   0.0100
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                      0.0125
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                             0.0116
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                     0.0074
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                        0.0243
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                   0.0101
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)               0.0256
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                  0.0207
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         0.0204
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                 0.0131
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                            0.0167
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                       0.0080
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                   0.0188
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                      0.0100
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                             0.0441
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                     0.0124
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                            0.0281
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                       0.0110
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                   0.0249
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                      0.0067
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                             0.0283
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                     0.0038
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                        0.0079
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                   0.0039
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)               0.0068
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                  0.0064
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         0.0111
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                 0.0051
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                           0.0068
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                      0.0050
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                  0.0087
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                     0.0065
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            0.0096
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                    0.0055
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                           0.0066
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                      0.0051
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                  0.0076
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                     0.0061
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            0.0062
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                    0.0036
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                          0.0061
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                     0.0021
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                 0.0044
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                    0.0043
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                           0.0077
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                   0.0078
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                       0.0273
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                  0.0703
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)              0.0363
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                 0.0214
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        0.0379
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                0.0132
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                          0.0544
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                     0.0818
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                 0.0682
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                    0.0502
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           0.0763
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                   0.0442
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                  0.0038
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)             0.0023
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)         0.0037
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)            0.0015
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   0.0054
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)           0.0022
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                           0.0065
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                      0.0042
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                  0.0071
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                     0.0041
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            0.0067
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                    0.0062
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                    0.0051
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)               0.0029
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)           0.0065
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)              0.0053
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                     0.0077
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)             0.0016
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                       0.0026
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                  0.0027
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)              0.0034
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                 0.0028
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                        0.0048
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                0.0037
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                            0.0020
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                       0.0014
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                   0.0013
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                      0.0014
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                             0.0022
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                     0.0013
                                                                                           variable Code
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2                                               Oxoisocaproic_mean
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1                                                                      Leu_mean
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1                                                                Isoleu_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1                                                                  Valine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1                                                       Isobutyric_mean
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1                                               Oxoisovaleric_mean
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1                                                  OHbutyric_mean
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1                                                                  Lactate_mean
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1                                                                  Alanine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1                                                                  Acetate_mean
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1                                              Glycoprot_mean
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1                                                                  Acetone_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1                                                          Gluacid_mean
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1                                                                Pyruvate_mean
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1                                                        Pyroglu_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1                                                                  Gln_mean
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2                                                                  Citrate_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4                                                                 Asn_mean
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1                                                            Creatinine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1                                                                Creatine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1                                                                    Lysine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1                                                              Ornithine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1                                                                  Choline_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1                                                            Carnitine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1                                                                  Betaine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1                                                                  Glycine_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1                                                            Threonine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2                                                                Glycerol_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1                                                                  Serine_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3                                                                Proline_mean
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1                                                            BGlucose_mean
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2                                                               DGlucose_mean
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1                                                         Methys_mean
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1                                                                Tyrosine_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2                                                              Phe_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4                                                                Tryp_mean
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1                                                                  Formate_mean
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                     Oxoisocaproic_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)               Oxoisocap_AUCgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)            Oxoisocaproic_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)             Oxoisocap_AUClipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)                      Oxoisocaproic_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u)             Oxoisocap_AUCprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                                            Leu_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                                  Leu_AUCgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                                   Leu_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                                Leu_AUClipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                                             Leu_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u)                                Leu_AUCprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                                      Isoleu_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                            Isoleu_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                             Isoleu_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          Isoleu_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                                       Isoleu_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u)                          Isoleu_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                                        Valine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                              Valine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                               Valine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            Valine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                                         Valine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u)                            Valine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                             Isobutyric_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                   Isobutyric_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                    Isobutyric_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                 Isobutyric_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                              Isobutyric_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u)                 Isobutyric_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                     Oxoisovaleric_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)           Oxoisovaleric_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)            Oxoisovaleric_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         Oxoisovaleric_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)                      Oxoisovaleric_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u)         Oxoisovaleric_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)                        OHbutyric_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)              OHbutyric_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)               OHbutyric_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)            OHbutyric_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)                         OHbutyric_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u)            OHbutyric_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                                        Lactate_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                              Lactate_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                               Lactate_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                            Lactate_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                                         Lactate_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u)                            Lactate_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                                        Alanine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                              Alanine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                               Alanine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                            Alanine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                                         Alanine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u)                            Alanine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                                        Acetate_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                              Acetate_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                               Acetate_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                            Acetate_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                                         Acetate_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u)                            Acetate_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)                    Glycoprot_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)          Glycoprot_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)           Glycoprot_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)        Glycoprot_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)                     Glycoprot_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u)        Glycoprot_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                                        Acetone_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                              Acetone_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                               Acetone_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                            Acetone_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                                         Acetone_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u)                            Acetone_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                                Gluacid_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                      Gluacid_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                       Gluacid_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    Gluacid_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                                 Gluacid_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    Gluacid_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                                      Pyruvate_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                            Pyruvate_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                             Pyruvate_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                          Pyruvate_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                                       Pyruvate_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u)                          Pyruvate_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                              Pyroglu_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                    Pyroglu_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                     Pyroglu_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                  Pyroglu_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                               Pyroglu_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u)                  Pyroglu_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                                        Gln_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                              Gln_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                               Gln_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                            Gln_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                                         Gln_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u)                            Gln_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                                        Citrate_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                              Citrate_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                               Citrate_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                            Citrate_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                                         Citrate_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u)                            Citrate_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                                       Asn_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                             Asn_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                              Asn_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                           Asn_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                                        Asn_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u)                           Asn_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                                  Creatinine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                        Creatinine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                         Creatinine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                      Creatinine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                                   Creatinine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u)                      Creatinine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                                      Creatine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                            Creatine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                             Creatine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                          Creatine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                                       Creatine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u)                          Creatine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                                          Lysine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                                Lysine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                                 Lysine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              Lysine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                                           Lysine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u)                              Lysine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                                    Ornithine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                          Ornithine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                           Ornithine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                        Ornithine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                                     Ornithine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u)                        Ornithine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                                        Choline_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                              Choline_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                               Choline_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                            Choline_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                                         Choline_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u)                            Choline_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                                  Carnitine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                        Carnitine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                         Carnitine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                      Carnitine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                                   Carnitine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u)                      Carnitine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                                        Betaine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                              Betaine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                               Betaine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                            Betaine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                                         Betaine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u)                            Betaine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                                        Glycine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                              Glycine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                               Glycine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                            Glycine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                                         Glycine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u)                            Glycine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                                  Threonine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                        Threonine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                         Threonine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                      Threonine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                                   Threonine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u)                      Threonine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                                      Glycerol_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                            Glycerol_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                             Glycerol_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                          Glycerol_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                                       Glycerol_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u)                          Glycerol_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                                        Serine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                              Serine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                               Serine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            Serine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                                         Serine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u)                            Serine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                                      Proline_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                            Proline_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                             Proline_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                          Proline_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                                       Proline_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u)                          Proline_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                                  BGlucose_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                        BGlucose_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                         BGlucose_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                      BGlucose_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                                   BGlucose_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u)                      BGlucose_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                                     Dglucose_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                           Dglucose_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                            Dglucose_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                         Dglucose_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                                      Dglucose_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u)                         Dglucose_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                               Methys_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                     Methys_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                      Methys_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   Methys_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                                Methys_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u)                   Methys_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                                      Tyrosine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                            Tyrosine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                             Tyrosine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                          Tyrosine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                                       Tyrosine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u)                          Tyrosine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                                    Phe_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                          Phe_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                           Phe_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                        Phe_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                                     Phe_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u)                        Phe_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                                      Tryp_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                            Tryp_AUCgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                             Tryp_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                          Tryp_AUClipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                                       Tryp_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u)                          Tryp_AUCprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                                        Formate_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                              Formate_AUCgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                               Formate_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                            Formate_AUClipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                                         Formate_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u)                            Formate_AUCprot
> kbl(d.f_final, digits = c(rep(4, 12), 0)) %>%
+     kable_classic_2() %>%
+     add_header_above(c(` ` = 1, `9` = 2, `8` = 2, `9` = 2, `8` = 2, `10` = 2, `9` = 2,
+         ` ` = 1)) %>%
+     add_header_above(c(` ` = 1, `No Obese` = 2, Obese = 2, `No Obese` = 2, Obese = 2,
+         `No Obese` = 2, Obese = 2, ` ` = 1)) %>%
+     add_header_above(c(` ` = 1, `Control Females` = 4, PCOS = 4, `Control Males` = 4,
+         ` ` = 1))
Control Females
PCOS
Control Males
No Obese
Obese
No Obese
Obese
No Obese
Obese
9
8
9
8
10
9
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD variable Code
Mean value (a.u) 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 0.0204 0.0183 0.0428 0.0101 0.0358 0.0144 0.0593 0.0087 0.0640 0.0076 0.0597 0.0068 Oxoisocaproic_mean
Mean value (a.u) Leucine_1 0.1216 0.0250 0.1338 0.0349 0.1377 0.0200 0.1703 0.0141 0.1981 0.0173 0.1878 0.0226 Leu_mean
Mean value (a.u) Isoleucine_1 0.0358 0.0065 0.0402 0.0121 0.0336 0.0048 0.0555 0.0052 0.0534 0.0080 0.0519 0.0074 Isoleu_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Valine_1 0.1063 0.0332 0.1409 0.0350 0.1234 0.0315 0.1915 0.0136 0.1979 0.0205 0.1830 0.0213 Valine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Isobutyric acid_1 0.0260 0.0087 0.0175 0.0043 0.0224 0.0070 0.0192 0.0044 0.0212 0.0032 0.021 0.007 Isobutyric_mean
Mean value (a.u) 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 0.0067 0.0071 0.0169 0.0043 0.0121 0.0067 0.0240 0.0028 0.0212 0.0020 0.0207 0.0024 Oxoisovaleric_mean
Mean value (a.u) 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 0.0547 0.0263 0.0488 0.0212 0.0414 0.0206 0.0601 0.0204 0.1003 0.0787 0.0540 0.0305 OHbutyric_mean
Mean value (a.u) Lactate_1 1.0700 0.2641 1.1345 0.4346 0.9779 0.1789 1.3403 0.4347 0.8914 0.2428 1.1284 0.3531 Lactate_mean
Mean value (a.u) Alanine_1 0.2493 0.0477 0.2649 0.0575 0.2931 0.0507 0.3525 0.0545 0.2380 0.0557 0.2902 0.0622 Alanine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Acetate_1 0.3652 0.0997 0.0620 0.0364 0.3065 0.0976 0.1531 0.0158 0.1682 0.0269 0.1771 0.0766 Acetate_mean
Mean value (a.u) N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 0.0576 0.0111 0.0412 0.0082 0.0554 0.0062 0.0645 0.0151 0.0573 0.0129 0.0513 0.0104 Glycoprot_mean
Mean value (a.u) Acetone_1 0.0105 0.0032 0.023 0.003 0.0117 0.0023 0.0307 0.0053 0.0187 0.0026 0.0223 0.0041 Acetone_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamic acid_1 0.0454 0.0035 0.0436 0.0167 0.0453 0.0087 0.0506 0.0062 0.0457 0.0076 0.0524 0.0099 Gluacid_mean
Mean value (a.u) Pyruvate_1 0.0068 0.0032 0.0209 0.0106 0.0125 0.0057 0.0305 0.0156 0.0137 0.0063 0.0180 0.0055 Pyruvate_mean
Mean value (a.u) Pyroglutamic acid_1 0.0350 0.0103 0.0157 0.0036 0.0230 0.0149 0.0148 0.0043 0.0254 0.0127 0.0154 0.0050 Pyroglu_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Glutamine_1 0.1226 0.0266 0.1330 0.0252 0.1514 0.0143 0.1683 0.0136 0.1568 0.0118 0.1516 0.0240 Gln_mean
Mean value (a.u) Citrate_2 0.0249 0.0053 0.0202 0.0070 0.0252 0.0048 0.0267 0.0046 0.0242 0.0032 0.0194 0.0022 Citrate_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Asparagine_4 0.0071 0.0006 0.0063 0.0016 0.0081 0.0016 0.0073 0.0014 0.0080 0.0014 0.0070 0.0011 Asn_mean
Mean value (a.u) Creatinine_1 0.0463 0.0062 0.0399 0.0073 0.0460 0.0082 0.0659 0.0281 0.0627 0.0066 0.0523 0.0093 Creatinine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Creatine_1 0.0292 0.0106 0.0325 0.0107 0.0236 0.0113 0.0386 0.0072 0.0214 0.0080 0.0279 0.0119 Creatine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Lysine_1 0.0150 0.0171 0.0523 0.0131 0.0300 0.0151 0.0619 0.0085 0.0540 0.0088 0.0499 0.0088 Lysine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Ornithine_1 0.0116 0.0053 0.0193 0.0043 0.0158 0.0060 0.0232 0.0030 0.0215 0.0054 0.0224 0.0061 Ornithine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Choline_1 0.0290 0.0049 0.0264 0.0062 0.0306 0.0090 0.0317 0.0042 0.0302 0.0092 0.0256 0.0085 Choline_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Carnitine_1 0.0934 0.0183 0.0615 0.0107 0.0780 0.0206 0.0846 0.0108 0.0954 0.0093 0.0810 0.0188 Carnitine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Betaine_1 0.0810 0.0265 0.0570 0.0129 0.0830 0.0247 0.0676 0.0193 0.0773 0.0114 0.0629 0.0213 Betaine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Glycine_1 0.0781 0.0236 0.0836 0.0226 0.1061 0.0195 0.0936 0.0190 0.097 0.010 0.0940 0.0257 Glycine_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Threonine_1 0.0202 0.0074 0.0234 0.0107 0.0239 0.0094 0.0302 0.0051 0.0237 0.0054 0.0209 0.0066 Threonine_mean
Mean value (a.u) Glycerol_2 0.0144 0.0097 0.0272 0.0070 0.0217 0.0083 0.0302 0.0076 0.0188 0.0039 0.0189 0.0069 Glycerol_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Serine_1 0.0266 0.0046 0.0238 0.0080 0.0293 0.0040 0.0231 0.0059 0.0225 0.0047 0.0226 0.0055 Serine_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Proline_3 0.0246 0.0041 0.0226 0.0102 0.0233 0.0055 0.0280 0.0026 0.0263 0.0033 0.0236 0.0041 Proline_mean
Mean value (a.u) beta-Glucose_1 0.1744 0.0393 0.2288 0.0399 0.2202 0.0442 0.2874 0.0186 0.2669 0.0238 0.2649 0.0312 BGlucose_mean
Mean value (a.u) D-Glucose_2 0.2627 0.0663 0.3342 0.0608 0.3166 0.0606 0.4178 0.0290 0.4015 0.0241 0.3862 0.0508 DGlucose_mean
Mean value (a.u) 1-Methylhistidine_1 0.0053 0.0054 0.0135 0.0032 0.0099 0.0055 0.0159 0.0027 0.0157 0.0028 0.015 0.004 Methys_mean
Mean value (a.u) Tyrosine_1 0.0274 0.0062 0.0325 0.0088 0.0317 0.0067 0.0402 0.0058 0.0336 0.0065 0.0358 0.0051 Tyrosine_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Phenylalanine_2 0.0306 0.0039 0.0293 0.0058 0.0322 0.0043 0.0359 0.0021 0.0352 0.0048 0.0359 0.0054 Phe_mean
Mean value (a.u) L-Tryptophan_4 0.0123 0.0028 0.0155 0.0025 0.0147 0.0026 0.0158 0.0021 0.0167 0.0027 0.0168 0.0018 Tryp_mean
Mean value (a.u) Formate_1 0.0191 0.0060 0.0124 0.0018 0.0104 0.0051 0.0163 0.0023 0.0105 0.0009 0.0131 0.0014 Formate_mean
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u) 0.0216 0.0188 0.0418 0.0100 0.0345 0.0125 0.0555 0.0131 0.0635 0.0097 0.0601 0.0077 Oxoisocaproic_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u) -0.0029 0.0036 -0.0027 0.0064 -0.0024 0.0067 -0.0070 0.0113 -0.0057 0.0043 -0.0085 0.0065 Oxoisocap_AUCgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u) 0.0194 0.0160 0.0449 0.0139 0.0368 0.0194 0.0596 0.0104 0.0653 0.0138 0.0595 0.0109 Oxoisocaproic_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u) -0.0021 0.0052 -0.0044 0.0105 -0.0053 0.0080 -0.0036 0.0093 -0.0014 0.0099 -0.0012 0.0112 Oxoisocap_AUClipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u) 0.0203 0.0216 0.042 0.012 0.0360 0.0136 0.0629 0.0109 0.0632 0.0101 0.0596 0.0089 Oxoisocaproic_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2 (a.u) -0.0035 0.0058 0.0136 0.0129 -0.0004 0.0066 0.0068 0.0153 0.0098 0.0160 0.0091 0.0089 Oxoisocap_AUCprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u) 0.1194 0.0220 0.1422 0.0606 0.1420 0.0273 0.1569 0.0177 0.1885 0.0267 0.1729 0.0280 Leu_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u) -0.0205 0.0124 -0.0305 0.0217 -0.0311 0.0111 -0.0191 0.0190 -0.0366 0.0116 -0.0264 0.0135 Leu_AUCgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u) 0.1199 0.0378 0.1305 0.0271 0.1358 0.0234 0.1776 0.0162 0.208 0.024 0.1922 0.0241 Leu_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u) -0.0082 0.0220 -0.0076 0.0157 -0.0107 0.0132 -0.0062 0.0058 -0.0226 0.0156 -0.0214 0.0172 Leu_AUClipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u) 0.1255 0.0281 0.1289 0.0299 0.1354 0.0266 0.1766 0.0260 0.1983 0.0282 0.1985 0.0397 Leu_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Leucine_1 (a.u) 0.1195 0.0381 0.1554 0.0428 0.0993 0.0618 0.1415 0.0573 0.1859 0.0738 0.1205 0.0331 Leu_AUCprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u) 0.0344 0.0071 0.0406 0.0228 0.0330 0.0093 0.0520 0.0074 0.0514 0.0080 0.0446 0.0096 Isoleu_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u) -0.0088 0.0037 -0.0124 0.0086 -0.0073 0.0044 -0.0094 0.0096 -0.0128 0.0058 -0.0089 0.0076 Isoleu_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u) 0.0374 0.0095 0.0407 0.0116 0.0310 0.0068 0.0542 0.0100 0.0538 0.0100 0.0533 0.0111 Isoleu_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u) -0.0049 0.0046 -0.0055 0.0082 -0.0005 0.0049 -0.0021 0.0067 -0.0036 0.0041 -0.0063 0.0094 Isoleu_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u) 0.0357 0.0096 0.0391 0.0077 0.0367 0.0084 0.0603 0.0081 0.0550 0.0125 0.0577 0.0119 Isoleu_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isoleucine_1 (a.u) 0.0432 0.0097 0.0562 0.0121 0.0381 0.0176 0.0471 0.0261 0.0687 0.0216 0.0453 0.0130 Isoleu_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u) 0.1095 0.0438 0.1424 0.0484 0.1286 0.0349 0.1893 0.0304 0.1998 0.0317 0.1712 0.0119 Valine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u) -0.0220 0.0117 -0.0212 0.0132 -0.0190 0.0153 -0.0213 0.0219 -0.0306 0.0204 -0.0172 0.0127 Valine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u) 0.0957 0.0300 0.1406 0.0347 0.1199 0.0359 0.1927 0.0213 0.1979 0.0277 0.1879 0.0331 Valine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u) -0.0073 0.0049 -0.0066 0.0130 -0.0086 0.0078 -0.0044 0.0109 -0.0127 0.0152 -0.0188 0.0222 Valine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u) 0.1136 0.0351 0.1398 0.0330 0.1215 0.0332 0.1927 0.0232 0.1962 0.0224 0.1896 0.0312 Valine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Valine_1 (a.u) 0.0898 0.0261 0.1155 0.0259 0.0693 0.0282 0.0999 0.0452 0.1315 0.0381 0.0856 0.0211 Valine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0285 0.0134 0.0179 0.0058 0.0240 0.0104 0.0185 0.0088 0.0220 0.0074 0.0222 0.0060 Isobutyric_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u) -0.0057 0.0097 -0.0015 0.0043 -0.0012 0.0052 -0.0015 0.0032 -0.0009 0.0058 -0.0012 0.0048 Isobutyric_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u) 0.021 0.008 0.0162 0.0049 0.0207 0.0092 0.0195 0.0066 0.0212 0.0039 0.0216 0.0075 Isobutyric_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u) -0.0023 0.0069 -0.0007 0.0046 -0.0041 0.0089 -0.0044 0.0042 -0.0032 0.0024 -0.0035 0.0062 Isobutyric_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0282 0.0143 0.0183 0.0031 0.0227 0.0080 0.0195 0.0048 0.0206 0.0068 0.0195 0.0101 Isobutyric_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Isobutyric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0069 0.0117 0.0063 0.0042 0.0067 0.0110 0.0064 0.0069 0.0105 0.0077 0.0094 0.0051 Isobutyric_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0077 0.0093 0.0162 0.0051 0.0115 0.0066 0.0219 0.0042 0.0236 0.0044 0.0210 0.0034 Oxoisovaleric_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u) -0.0013 0.0033 0.0006 0.0031 0.0006 0.0035 0.0014 0.0037 -0.0019 0.0035 0.0005 0.0038 Oxoisovaleric_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0041 0.0059 0.0172 0.0051 0.0126 0.0082 0.0258 0.0046 0.0207 0.0050 0.0208 0.0033 Oxoisovaleric_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0011 0.0010 0.0003 0.0035 -0.0026 0.0053 -0.0009 0.0035 0.0012 0.0049 0.0002 0.0023 Oxoisovaleric_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0084 0.0080 0.0171 0.0045 0.0121 0.0074 0.0243 0.0058 0.0192 0.0043 0.0204 0.0041 Oxoisovaleric_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 2-oxoisovaleric acid_1 (a.u) -0.0015 0.0034 -0.0001 0.0024 -0.0025 0.0041 -0.0011 0.0058 0.0013 0.0033 -0.0002 0.0027 Oxoisovaleric_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0578 0.0448 0.0444 0.0208 0.0494 0.0239 0.0459 0.0181 0.0775 0.0456 0.0527 0.0465 OHbutyric_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u) -0.0336 0.0329 -0.0215 0.0116 -0.0241 0.0172 -0.0167 0.0128 -0.0418 0.0337 -0.0245 0.0338 OHbutyric_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0454 0.0205 0.0437 0.0294 0.0292 0.0118 0.0669 0.0510 0.1278 0.1949 0.0446 0.0209 OHbutyric_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0756 0.0693 0.0574 0.0402 0.0768 0.0661 0.0616 0.0466 0.0227 0.0581 0.0260 0.0301 OHbutyric_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u) 0.0608 0.0543 0.0583 0.0333 0.0455 0.0414 0.0675 0.0194 0.0956 0.0541 0.0644 0.0573 OHbutyric_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 (a.u) -0.0122 0.0314 -0.0159 0.0147 -0.0035 0.0257 -0.0148 0.0133 -0.0213 0.0358 -0.0154 0.0312 OHbutyric_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u) 1.1376 0.4693 1.1283 0.4463 1.0027 0.3110 1.2590 0.4811 0.8826 0.2112 1.0779 0.2999 Lactate_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u) 0.2059 0.2705 0.2565 0.2802 0.2856 0.1823 0.2964 0.2377 0.2752 0.2112 0.1720 0.1334 Lactate_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u) 1.1333 0.6387 1.0738 0.6222 0.9956 0.2010 1.4677 0.6231 0.9666 0.4722 1.0979 0.4172 Lactate_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u) -0.2396 0.4802 -0.1407 0.3260 -0.0544 0.2198 -0.2554 0.2542 -0.0916 0.3599 -0.2321 0.1755 Lactate_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u) 0.9390 0.1639 1.2016 0.4422 0.9355 0.3125 1.2942 0.4740 0.8248 0.1733 1.2094 0.4606 Lactate_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lactate_1 (a.u) 0.1209 0.2340 -0.0425 0.2126 0.0115 0.2083 -0.0511 0.3269 0.0645 0.1087 -0.1341 0.2079 Lactate_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u) 0.2441 0.0478 0.2727 0.0672 0.2682 0.0589 0.3430 0.0606 0.2386 0.0482 0.2793 0.0663 Alanine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u) 0.0119 0.0278 0.0052 0.0315 0.0041 0.0258 0.0076 0.0368 0.0050 0.0167 0.0108 0.0303 Alanine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u) 0.2497 0.0529 0.2551 0.0636 0.3088 0.0678 0.3528 0.0923 0.2432 0.0689 0.2885 0.0814 Alanine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u) -0.0324 0.0317 -0.0165 0.0203 -0.0365 0.0450 -0.0158 0.0422 -0.0228 0.0299 -0.0281 0.0197 Alanine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u) 0.2541 0.0805 0.2670 0.0713 0.3022 0.0591 0.3618 0.0743 0.2322 0.0613 0.3027 0.0871 Alanine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Alanine_1 (a.u) 0.0548 0.0322 0.0833 0.0473 0.0427 0.0510 0.0555 0.0772 0.0625 0.0352 0.0572 0.0268 Alanine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u) 0.3778 0.1204 0.0553 0.0344 0.2869 0.0604 0.1499 0.0231 0.1712 0.0289 0.1749 0.0806 Acetate_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u) -0.0108 0.0240 -0.0058 0.0073 0.0162 0.0408 -0.0052 0.0137 -0.0071 0.0222 -0.0019 0.0103 Acetate_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u) 0.3548 0.0936 0.0606 0.0429 0.3107 0.1150 0.1519 0.0156 0.1704 0.0403 0.1717 0.0744 Acetate_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u) -0.0151 0.0747 -0.0025 0.0044 0.0017 0.0286 -0.0031 0.0068 -0.0121 0.0102 0.0040 0.0139 Acetate_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u) 0.3629 0.1047 0.0700 0.0342 0.3219 0.1326 0.1575 0.0220 0.1628 0.0330 0.1848 0.0817 Acetate_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetate_1 (a.u) 0.0148 0.0267 -0.018 0.006 -0.0242 0.0568 -0.0187 0.0123 -0.0142 0.0191 0.0038 0.0330 Acetate_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) 0.0562 0.0111 0.0385 0.0088 0.0541 0.0083 0.0603 0.0237 0.0564 0.0147 0.0482 0.0091 Glycoprot_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) -0.0023 0.0041 -0.0009 0.0037 -0.0006 0.0048 0.0045 0.0108 -0.0018 0.0030 0.0012 0.0027 Glycoprot_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) 0.0583 0.0119 0.0413 0.0070 0.0552 0.0048 0.0660 0.0111 0.0583 0.0129 0.0525 0.0116 Glycoprot_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) -0.0053 0.0062 0.0004 0.0064 -0.0025 0.0021 -0.0013 0.0047 -0.0017 0.0041 -0.0028 0.0045 Glycoprot_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) 0.0584 0.0109 0.0437 0.0106 0.0567 0.0095 0.0676 0.0133 0.0570 0.0123 0.0533 0.0110 Glycoprot_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 (a.u) -0.0027 0.0037 -0.0021 0.0019 -0.0056 0.0056 -0.0026 0.0051 -0.0028 0.0025 -0.0027 0.0033 Glycoprot_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u) 0.0115 0.0087 0.0274 0.0053 0.0122 0.0029 0.0275 0.0050 0.0202 0.0044 0.0214 0.0047 Acetone_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u) -0.0012 0.0046 -0.0051 0.0027 0.0002 0.0015 0.0001 0.0044 -0.0016 0.0031 -0.0023 0.0051 Acetone_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u) 0.0103 0.0020 0.0199 0.0016 0.0124 0.0020 0.0334 0.0113 0.0167 0.0040 0.0223 0.0067 Acetone_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u) 0.0004 0.0051 0.0043 0.0044 -0.0016 0.0026 0.0042 0.0055 0.0062 0.0043 0.0037 0.0051 Acetone_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u) 0.0096 0.0032 0.0216 0.0054 0.0108 0.0029 0.0315 0.0081 0.0193 0.0049 0.0229 0.0073 Acetone_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Acetone_1 (a.u) 8e-04 3e-03 0.0016 0.0032 0.0013 0.0029 0.0017 0.0066 0.0042 0.0065 0.0012 0.0060 Acetone_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u) 0.0486 0.0061 0.0477 0.0196 0.0461 0.0083 0.0446 0.0100 0.0446 0.0108 0.0498 0.0076 Gluacid_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u) -0.0034 0.0057 -0.0052 0.0044 -0.0034 0.0040 0.0006 0.0054 -0.0019 0.0046 0.0006 0.0043 Gluacid_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u) 0.0428 0.0043 0.0410 0.0147 0.0439 0.0115 0.0551 0.0042 0.0462 0.0067 0.0534 0.0126 Gluacid_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u) -0.0032 0.0038 -0.0013 0.0034 -0.0046 0.0052 -0.0069 0.0042 -0.0027 0.0043 -0.0054 0.0065 Gluacid_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u) 0.0447 0.0064 0.042 0.017 0.0456 0.0088 0.0521 0.0106 0.0461 0.0089 0.0543 0.0100 Gluacid_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamic acid_1 (a.u) 0.0172 0.0072 0.0189 0.0056 0.0105 0.0057 0.016 0.014 0.0201 0.0079 0.0140 0.0076 Gluacid_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u) 0.0061 0.0023 0.0250 0.0129 0.0118 0.0060 0.0249 0.0177 0.0147 0.0083 0.0215 0.0080 Pyruvate_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u) 0.0033 0.0092 0.0068 0.0076 0.0011 0.0042 0.0162 0.0121 0.0094 0.0056 0.0067 0.0045 Pyruvate_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u) 0.0065 0.0043 0.0182 0.0107 0.0135 0.0068 0.0367 0.0198 0.0157 0.0098 0.0150 0.0078 Pyruvate_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u) -0.0008 0.0029 -0.0008 0.0075 -0.0028 0.0038 -0.0045 0.0052 -0.0001 0.0072 -0.0001 0.0041 Pyruvate_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u) 0.0076 0.0055 0.0196 0.0125 0.0121 0.0062 0.0298 0.0137 0.0109 0.0052 0.0172 0.0069 Pyruvate_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyruvate_1 (a.u) 0.0064 0.0028 0.0099 0.0063 0.0027 0.0040 0.0080 0.0131 0.0102 0.0059 0.0083 0.0058 Pyruvate_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u) 0.0348 0.0094 0.0139 0.0042 0.0241 0.0161 0.0128 0.0048 0.0197 0.0089 0.0142 0.0084 Pyroglu_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u) -0.0048 0.0065 -0.0046 0.0024 -0.0042 0.0066 -0.0027 0.0031 -0.0070 0.0065 -0.0042 0.0046 Pyroglu_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u) 0.0354 0.0090 0.0141 0.0061 0.0199 0.0094 0.0150 0.0082 0.0324 0.0326 0.0139 0.0045 Pyroglu_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u) 0.0117 0.0144 0.0089 0.0092 0.0129 0.0119 0.0108 0.0076 0.0003 0.0102 0.0044 0.0069 Pyroglu_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u) 0.0351 0.0157 0.0191 0.0080 0.0250 0.0192 0.0166 0.0046 0.0242 0.0081 0.0180 0.0104 Pyroglu_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Pyroglutamic acid_1 (a.u) -0.0001 0.0053 -0.0061 0.0060 -0.0012 0.0043 -0.0040 0.0042 -0.0051 0.0063 -0.0017 0.0066 Pyroglu_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u) 0.1220 0.0249 0.128 0.019 0.1526 0.0196 0.1617 0.0238 0.1510 0.0155 0.144 0.023 Gln_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u) -0.0012 0.0159 -0.0095 0.0093 -0.0057 0.0106 0.0019 0.0197 -0.0063 0.0125 -0.0044 0.0099 Gln_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u) 0.1207 0.0283 0.1277 0.0201 0.1482 0.0208 0.1704 0.0191 0.1591 0.0141 0.1558 0.0245 Gln_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u) 0.0017 0.0097 0.0102 0.0097 0.0044 0.0129 0.0093 0.0115 0.0017 0.0117 -0.0024 0.0084 Gln_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u) 0.1253 0.0339 0.1431 0.0398 0.1535 0.0171 0.1728 0.0133 0.1604 0.0136 0.1549 0.0285 Gln_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Glutamine_1 (a.u) 0.0149 0.0114 0.0159 0.0170 0.0171 0.0172 0.0162 0.0181 0.0194 0.0129 0.0125 0.0054 Gln_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u) 0.0257 0.0062 0.0195 0.0080 0.0249 0.0076 0.0265 0.0047 0.0246 0.0065 0.0195 0.0041 Citrate_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u) 0.0047 0.0056 0.0004 0.0044 0.0041 0.0029 0.0022 0.0068 0.0022 0.0044 0.0025 0.0038 Citrate_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u) 0.0247 0.0079 0.0189 0.0055 0.0249 0.0064 0.0262 0.0060 0.0234 0.0045 0.0187 0.0032 Citrate_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u) 0.0037 0.0051 0.0035 0.0044 0.0057 0.0067 0.0064 0.0053 0.0034 0.0049 0.0006 0.0024 Citrate_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u) 0.0242 0.0056 0.0224 0.0086 0.0258 0.0069 0.0276 0.0073 0.0242 0.0046 0.0200 0.0043 Citrate_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Citrate_2 (a.u) 0.0008 0.0041 -0.0014 0.0037 0.0006 0.0044 -2e-04 7e-03 -0.0008 0.0032 -0.0001 0.0024 Citrate_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u) 0.0070 0.0013 0.0059 0.0017 0.0078 0.0017 0.0064 0.0030 0.0071 0.0020 0.0059 0.0022 Asn_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u) 0e+00 9e-04 -0.0002 0.0011 -0.0009 0.0015 0.0007 0.0023 0.0000 0.0012 0.0005 0.0014 Asn_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u) 0.0072 0.0021 0.0072 0.0022 0.0085 0.0025 0.0074 0.0017 0.0086 0.0020 0.0076 0.0012 Asn_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u) 0.0002 0.0022 -0.0008 0.0015 -2e-04 2e-03 0.0003 0.0017 -0.0010 0.0015 -0.0006 0.0018 Asn_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u) 7e-03 9e-04 0.0056 0.0022 0.0080 0.0027 0.0080 0.0031 0.0081 0.0014 0.0072 0.0012 Asn_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Asparagine_4 (a.u) 0.0023 0.0013 0.0034 0.0009 0.002 0.003 0.0027 0.0027 0.0026 0.0018 0.0020 0.0012 Asn_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u) 0.0467 0.0062 0.0385 0.0066 0.0427 0.0103 0.0735 0.0749 0.0626 0.0077 0.0496 0.0096 Creatinine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u) -0.0033 0.0046 -0.0018 0.0066 0.0028 0.0039 -0.0158 0.0518 -0.0027 0.0075 0.0004 0.0073 Creatinine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u) 0.0445 0.0072 0.0425 0.0085 0.0468 0.0103 0.0523 0.0067 0.0610 0.0098 0.0515 0.0083 Creatinine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u) -0.0018 0.0071 -0.0019 0.0037 -0.0040 0.0046 -0.0019 0.0049 -0.0009 0.0089 -0.0027 0.0076 Creatinine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u) 0.0476 0.0102 0.0390 0.0096 0.0484 0.0128 0.0719 0.0456 0.0644 0.0066 0.0555 0.0133 Creatinine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatinine_1 (a.u) -0.0014 0.0053 0.0021 0.0059 -0.0035 0.0101 -0.0173 0.0361 -0.0044 0.0053 -0.0011 0.0112 Creatinine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u) 0.0311 0.0131 0.0345 0.0172 0.0210 0.0115 0.0362 0.0136 0.0246 0.0099 0.0264 0.0104 Creatine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u) -0.0025 0.0050 -0.0014 0.0073 0.0029 0.0054 0.0041 0.0100 -0.0006 0.0041 0.0003 0.0044 Creatine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u) 0.0265 0.0120 0.0306 0.0091 0.0222 0.0104 0.0394 0.0079 0.0178 0.0079 0.0259 0.0142 Creatine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u) -0.0046 0.0061 -0.0015 0.0035 -0.0018 0.0035 -0.0044 0.0058 0.0016 0.0038 -0.0006 0.0056 Creatine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u) 0.0298 0.0112 0.0321 0.0082 0.0278 0.0147 0.0403 0.0157 0.0220 0.0086 0.0313 0.0170 Creatine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Creatine_1 (a.u) 0.0090 0.0079 0.0147 0.0088 0.0072 0.0056 0.0137 0.0072 0.0126 0.0061 0.0080 0.0066 Creatine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u) 0.0170 0.0199 0.0545 0.0161 0.0330 0.0149 0.060 0.015 0.0571 0.0118 0.0463 0.0070 Lysine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u) -0.0014 0.0045 -0.0107 0.0066 -0.0064 0.0062 -0.001 0.014 -0.0070 0.0092 0.0011 0.0057 Lysine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u) 0.0135 0.0161 0.0529 0.0129 0.0308 0.0176 0.0656 0.0086 0.0532 0.0092 0.0516 0.0102 Lysine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u) 0.0019 0.0058 -0.0025 0.0053 0.0005 0.0062 0.0029 0.0046 0.0041 0.0081 -0.0026 0.0061 Lysine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u) 0.0146 0.0168 0.0493 0.0168 0.0263 0.0176 0.0600 0.0106 0.0520 0.0103 0.0519 0.0159 Lysine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Lysine_1 (a.u) 0.0185 0.0131 0.0466 0.0141 0.0270 0.0126 0.0483 0.0160 0.0516 0.0177 0.0338 0.0091 Lysine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u) 0.0112 0.0074 0.0186 0.0052 0.0176 0.0058 0.0216 0.0067 0.0208 0.0073 0.0198 0.0050 Ornithine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u) -0.0012 0.0040 -0.0017 0.0038 -0.0016 0.0028 -0.0007 0.0074 -0.0026 0.0053 0.0007 0.0025 Ornithine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u) 0.0124 0.0043 0.0200 0.0047 0.0145 0.0088 0.0239 0.0071 0.0214 0.0076 0.0226 0.0059 Ornithine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u) -0.0004 0.0038 -0.0008 0.0028 6e-04 5e-03 -3e-04 4e-03 0.0005 0.0053 -0.0030 0.0035 Ornithine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u) 0.0111 0.0053 0.0194 0.0064 0.0156 0.0076 0.0240 0.0051 0.0223 0.0054 0.0249 0.0109 Ornithine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Ornithine_1 (a.u) 0.0010 0.0043 0.0042 0.0043 0.0019 0.0043 0.002 0.004 0.0048 0.0043 0.0007 0.0077 Ornithine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u) 0.0316 0.0060 0.0241 0.0069 0.0313 0.0129 0.0282 0.0054 0.0279 0.0141 0.0266 0.0109 Choline_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u) 0.0000 0.0039 0.0001 0.0048 -0.0009 0.0064 0.0062 0.0086 0.0016 0.0088 0.0011 0.0115 Choline_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u) 0.0286 0.0102 0.0258 0.0094 0.0290 0.0095 0.0321 0.0072 0.0297 0.0126 0.0212 0.0100 Choline_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u) 0.0019 0.0088 0.0024 0.0065 0.0025 0.0084 0.0023 0.0091 -0.0022 0.0068 0.0065 0.0125 Choline_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u) 0.027 0.011 0.0297 0.0090 0.0316 0.0110 0.035 0.010 0.0328 0.0143 0.0290 0.0116 Choline_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Choline_1 (a.u) 0.0019 0.0078 -0.0028 0.0102 4e-04 6e-03 -0.0011 0.0091 -0.0028 0.0138 -0.0016 0.0074 Choline_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u) 0.0962 0.0228 0.0582 0.0117 0.0772 0.0282 0.0813 0.0157 0.0991 0.0125 0.0843 0.0243 Carnitine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u) -0.0039 0.0098 -0.0001 0.0087 0.0064 0.0135 0.0055 0.0141 0.0039 0.0114 -0.0046 0.0101 Carnitine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u) 0.0881 0.0220 0.0622 0.0128 0.0711 0.0229 0.0823 0.0140 0.0907 0.0141 0.0748 0.0256 Carnitine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u) -0.0057 0.0168 0.006 0.005 0.0074 0.0168 0.0034 0.0107 0.0026 0.0120 0.0070 0.0207 Carnitine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u) 0.0960 0.0253 0.0641 0.0137 0.0853 0.0321 0.0900 0.0156 0.0961 0.0149 0.0841 0.0204 Carnitine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Carnitine_1 (a.u) -0.0022 0.0179 0.0025 0.0061 -0.0081 0.0208 0.0038 0.0113 -0.0006 0.0112 -0.0034 0.0131 Carnitine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u) 0.0870 0.0289 0.0573 0.0096 0.0753 0.0291 0.0662 0.0281 0.0777 0.0209 0.0573 0.0167 Betaine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u) 0.0017 0.0089 -0.0021 0.0113 0.0024 0.0140 0.0043 0.0133 -0.0058 0.0110 -0.0046 0.0080 Betaine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u) 0.0796 0.0283 0.0585 0.0144 0.0849 0.0355 0.0711 0.0278 0.0715 0.0160 0.0536 0.0188 Betaine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u) 0.0007 0.0139 0.0030 0.0067 -0.0083 0.0131 -0.0018 0.0153 -0.0002 0.0107 0.0014 0.0100 Betaine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u) 0.0767 0.0323 0.0553 0.0203 0.0887 0.0285 0.0653 0.0248 0.0828 0.0109 0.0780 0.0441 Betaine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Betaine_1 (a.u) 0.0064 0.0128 0.0121 0.0185 -0.0039 0.0084 0.0001 0.0094 0.0070 0.0066 -0.0008 0.0124 Betaine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u) 0.0738 0.0203 0.0831 0.0186 0.1045 0.0246 0.0921 0.0194 0.0967 0.0141 0.0890 0.0281 Glycine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u) -0.0069 0.0081 -0.0070 0.0068 -0.0036 0.0032 -0.0021 0.0142 -0.0068 0.0077 -0.0025 0.0110 Glycine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u) 0.0786 0.0261 0.0821 0.0245 0.1039 0.0253 0.0928 0.0196 0.1003 0.0142 0.0956 0.0249 Glycine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u) -0.0082 0.0089 -0.0020 0.0096 -0.0007 0.0174 -0.0051 0.0079 -0.0013 0.0104 -0.0065 0.0067 Glycine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u) 0.0819 0.0301 0.0859 0.0303 0.1099 0.0175 0.0958 0.0291 0.0940 0.0101 0.0974 0.0283 Glycine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycine_1 (a.u) 0.0015 0.0040 0.0029 0.0066 0.0028 0.0116 0.0042 0.0187 0.0049 0.0074 0.0005 0.0038 Glycine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u) 0.0206 0.0110 0.0238 0.0159 0.0253 0.0123 0.0292 0.0062 0.0245 0.0096 0.0206 0.0079 Threonine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u) -0.0045 0.0077 -0.0024 0.0039 -0.0030 0.0062 -0.0031 0.0093 -0.0050 0.0041 -0.0031 0.0039 Threonine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u) 0.0187 0.0093 0.0238 0.0109 0.0245 0.0128 0.0300 0.0083 0.0231 0.0073 0.0180 0.0068 Threonine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u) -0.0031 0.0051 -0.0014 0.0064 -0.0024 0.0047 -0.0012 0.0050 -0.0005 0.0052 0.0026 0.0064 Threonine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u) 0.0216 0.0093 0.0225 0.0083 0.0220 0.0116 0.0316 0.0061 0.0234 0.0076 0.0239 0.0111 Threonine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Threonine_1 (a.u) 0.0110 0.0075 0.0139 0.0068 0.0127 0.0092 0.0114 0.0113 0.0147 0.0058 0.0096 0.0051 Threonine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u) 0.0134 0.0146 0.0233 0.0055 0.0238 0.0134 0.0313 0.0105 0.0160 0.0061 0.0180 0.0068 Glycerol_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u) -0.0042 0.0091 -0.0069 0.0051 -0.0074 0.0063 -0.0103 0.0072 -0.0019 0.0067 -0.0051 0.0050 Glycerol_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u) 0.0154 0.0120 0.0280 0.0135 0.0219 0.0073 0.0291 0.0084 0.0202 0.0099 0.0181 0.0087 Glycerol_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u) -0.0003 0.0084 -0.0008 0.0072 -0.0013 0.0046 0.0006 0.0079 -0.0035 0.0063 -0.0011 0.0065 Glycerol_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u) 0.0142 0.0086 0.0303 0.0115 0.0197 0.0110 0.0305 0.0155 0.0200 0.0035 0.0205 0.0096 Glycerol_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Glycerol_2 (a.u) -0.0047 0.0071 -0.0083 0.0079 -0.0052 0.0082 -0.0043 0.0123 -0.0073 0.0035 -0.0054 0.0055 Glycerol_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u) 0.0281 0.0042 0.0213 0.0032 0.0326 0.0086 0.0225 0.0060 0.0214 0.0073 0.0232 0.0066 Serine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u) -0.0030 0.0054 -0.0023 0.0041 -0.0060 0.0075 -0.0004 0.0038 -0.0015 0.0063 -0.0038 0.0051 Serine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u) 0.0269 0.0062 0.0232 0.0076 0.0256 0.0069 0.0214 0.0092 0.0221 0.0056 0.0227 0.0076 Serine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u) 0.0009 0.0031 -0.0006 0.0064 -0.0008 0.0083 0.0032 0.0092 -0.0009 0.0067 -0.0010 0.0061 Serine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u) 0.0249 0.0083 0.0271 0.0187 0.0297 0.0096 0.0250 0.0097 0.0238 0.0074 0.0219 0.0062 Serine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Serine_1 (a.u) 0.0138 0.0087 0.0084 0.0092 0.0057 0.0091 0.0061 0.0081 0.0086 0.0043 0.0060 0.0036 Serine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u) 0.0245 0.0066 0.0224 0.0134 0.0252 0.0053 0.0264 0.0050 0.0246 0.0071 0.0248 0.0061 Proline_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u) -0.0028 0.0038 -0.0017 0.0038 -0.0052 0.0035 -0.0041 0.0041 -0.0041 0.0047 -0.0023 0.0021 Proline_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u) 0.0232 0.0071 0.0217 0.0108 0.0206 0.0069 0.0299 0.0028 0.0272 0.0085 0.0201 0.0044 Proline_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u) 0.0053 0.0070 0.0051 0.0047 0.0063 0.0067 0.0038 0.0037 0.0016 0.0058 0.0031 0.0043 Proline_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u) 0.0260 0.0053 0.0237 0.0082 0.0241 0.0086 0.0279 0.0036 0.0271 0.0035 0.0261 0.0077 Proline_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Proline_3 (a.u) 0.0093 0.0063 0.0106 0.0035 0.0082 0.0062 0.0106 0.0062 0.0138 0.0071 0.0094 0.0078 Proline_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u) 0.1843 0.0431 0.2370 0.0432 0.2215 0.0490 0.2697 0.0393 0.2791 0.0386 0.2673 0.0273 BGlucose_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u) 0.0563 0.0646 0.0836 0.0555 0.0331 0.0710 0.1724 0.0757 0.1000 0.0777 0.1456 0.0703 BGlucose_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u) 0.1638 0.0412 0.2162 0.0451 0.2143 0.0553 0.2961 0.0215 0.2676 0.0170 0.2624 0.0363 BGlucose_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u) -0.0072 0.0140 -0.0026 0.0172 -0.0125 0.0208 -0.0199 0.0103 -0.0088 0.0117 -0.0093 0.0214 BGlucose_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u) 0.1751 0.0427 0.2334 0.0394 0.225 0.045 0.2962 0.0142 0.2541 0.0248 0.2652 0.0379 BGlucose_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: beta-Glucose_1 (a.u) -0.0126 0.0169 0.0002 0.0153 -0.0234 0.0272 0.0035 0.0272 0.0133 0.0162 0.0072 0.0132 BGlucose_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u) 0.2767 0.0732 0.3368 0.0713 0.3221 0.0794 0.4084 0.0404 0.4046 0.0423 0.3847 0.0544 Dglucose_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u) 0.0785 0.0869 0.1128 0.0717 0.0439 0.0588 0.2101 0.0769 0.1283 0.0856 0.1876 0.0818 Dglucose_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u) 0.2590 0.0797 0.3243 0.0587 0.3062 0.0690 0.4311 0.0397 0.4068 0.0320 0.3822 0.0682 Dglucose_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u) -0.0157 0.0270 -0.0039 0.0394 -0.0152 0.0533 -0.0108 0.0310 -0.0140 0.0238 -0.0006 0.0502 Dglucose_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u) 0.2523 0.0499 0.342 0.062 0.3216 0.0571 0.4141 0.0477 0.3934 0.0396 0.3918 0.0763 Dglucose_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: D-Glucose_2 (a.u) -0.0135 0.0196 0.0023 0.0234 -0.0213 0.0384 0.0266 0.0254 -0.0035 0.0306 0.0059 0.0442 Dglucose_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u) 0.0050 0.0048 0.0132 0.0030 0.0102 0.0056 0.0160 0.0032 0.0145 0.0030 0.0146 0.0038 Methys_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u) -1e-04 5e-04 -0.0014 0.0018 -0.0011 0.0013 -0.0002 0.0034 0.0001 0.0013 -0.0006 0.0023 Methys_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u) 0.0056 0.0067 0.0139 0.0036 0.0090 0.0058 0.0165 0.0033 0.0155 0.0030 0.0154 0.0037 Methys_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u) -0.0013 0.0021 -0.0010 0.0025 0.0008 0.0027 -0.0001 0.0017 -0.0003 0.0021 -0.0008 0.0015 Methys_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u) 0.0052 0.0050 0.0132 0.0042 0.0107 0.0068 0.0150 0.0037 0.0171 0.0038 0.0150 0.0054 Methys_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: 1-Methylhistidine_1 (a.u) 0.001 0.002 0.0041 0.0011 0.0007 0.0026 0.0053 0.0023 0.0036 0.0025 0.0016 0.0022 Methys_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u) 0.0266 0.0063 0.0339 0.0121 0.0319 0.0086 0.0388 0.0078 0.0322 0.0082 0.0344 0.0065 Tyrosine_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u) -0.0038 0.0038 -0.0063 0.0041 -0.0052 0.0062 -0.0040 0.0045 -0.0045 0.0056 -0.0036 0.0042 Tyrosine_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u) 0.0288 0.0106 0.0299 0.0078 0.0330 0.0088 0.0399 0.0068 0.0357 0.0089 0.0348 0.0071 Tyrosine_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u) -0.0046 0.0052 -0.0010 0.0076 -0.0053 0.0043 -0.0041 0.0050 -0.0041 0.0065 -0.0016 0.0041 Tyrosine_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u) 0.0271 0.0047 0.0336 0.0105 0.0301 0.0074 0.0419 0.0054 0.0328 0.0072 0.0379 0.0067 Tyrosine_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Tyrosine_1 (a.u) 0.019 0.007 0.0289 0.0085 0.0149 0.0117 0.0207 0.0113 0.0269 0.0124 0.0162 0.0062 Tyrosine_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u) 0.0306 0.0057 0.0291 0.0053 0.0339 0.0064 0.0347 0.0043 0.0362 0.0055 0.0336 0.0051 Phe_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u) -0.0028 0.0026 -0.0029 0.0028 -0.0051 0.0040 -0.0001 0.0038 -0.0045 0.0025 -0.0014 0.0029 Phe_AUGgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u) 0.0300 0.0045 0.0283 0.0058 0.0316 0.0066 0.0367 0.0030 0.0344 0.0064 0.0379 0.0065 Phe_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u) -0.0033 0.0033 -0.0016 0.0032 -0.0023 0.0049 -0.0019 0.0033 -0.0011 0.0034 -0.0055 0.0053 Phe_AUGlipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u) 0.0310 0.0044 0.0304 0.0071 0.0309 0.0043 0.0363 0.0050 0.0347 0.0052 0.0360 0.0077 Phe_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Phenylalanine_2 (a.u) 0.0083 0.0042 0.0113 0.0027 0.0090 0.0062 0.0124 0.0045 0.0120 0.0052 0.0073 0.0016 Phe_AUGprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u) 0.0113 0.0029 0.0136 0.0032 0.0139 0.0034 0.0156 0.0035 0.0162 0.0048 0.0156 0.0026 Tryp_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u) -5e-04 2e-03 -0.0005 0.0018 -0.0007 0.0025 0.0000 0.0032 -0.0018 0.0033 -0.0007 0.0027 Tryp_AUCgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u) 0.0135 0.0040 0.0164 0.0025 0.0151 0.0030 0.0164 0.0023 0.0179 0.0032 0.0181 0.0034 Tryp_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u) -0.0013 0.0025 -0.0029 0.0007 -0.0028 0.0018 -0.0015 0.0018 -0.0021 0.0027 -0.0033 0.0028 Tryp_AUClipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u) 0.0123 0.0029 0.0160 0.0037 0.0152 0.0032 0.0155 0.0028 0.0161 0.0028 0.0166 0.0048 Tryp_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: L-Tryptophan_4 (a.u) 0.0021 0.0026 0.0020 0.0024 0.0014 0.0026 0.0036 0.0038 0.0045 0.0029 0.0014 0.0037 Tryp_AUCprot
Basal levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u) 0.0195 0.0066 0.0124 0.0021 0.0108 0.0060 0.0162 0.0043 0.0107 0.0020 0.0129 0.0020 Formate_G0
Postpradial levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u) -0.0016 0.0018 0.0006 0.0019 0.0000 0.0017 -0.0004 0.0031 0.0002 0.0018 -0.0003 0.0014 Formate_AUCgluc
Basal levels at glucose proteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u) 0.0183 0.0061 0.0130 0.0024 0.0102 0.0045 0.0161 0.0021 0.0111 0.0012 0.0131 0.0013 Formate_L0
Postpradial levels at glucose oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u) 0.0000 0.0033 0.0001 0.0021 -0.0001 0.0015 -6e-04 2e-03 -0.0010 0.0015 -0.0001 0.0014 Formate_AUClipid
Basal levels at lipids oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u) 0.0195 0.0071 0.0118 0.0025 0.0102 0.0051 0.0168 0.0057 0.0097 0.0018 0.0135 0.0022 Formate_P0
Postpradial levels at porteins oral load day: Formate_1 (a.u) 0.0023 0.0019 0.0016 0.0015 0.0011 0.0015 -0.0018 0.0050 0.0007 0.0022 -0.0001 0.0013 Formate_AUCprot 
> (p <- ncol(metabolome))
[1] 263
> (n <- nrow(metabolome))
[1] 53
> (num_metabolites <- length(colnames(metabolome)[grep("mean", colnames(metabolome))]))
[1] 37

We observe from the data that we have 263 variables. From this variables, 259 are the variables belonging to the metabolites. The 4 that we have subtracted correspond to the order, sample name, group, and obese group. From the 259 variables that corresponds to the metabolites, only 37 are actual metabolites. For each metabolite, they calculated the mean basal value, the three days at basal time, and three days at postprandial time.

Before we explore the distribution of the metabolites, at basal time and at postprandial stage, let’s observe the correlation of the mean basal values for all metabolites,

> corrplot(cor(metabolome[, grep("mean", colnames(metabolome))]), lab_size = 1)

We can observe several patterns of positive correlation, and a few negative correlations. This is maybe due to the physical properties of the metabolites. For example, one can see that Oxoisocaproic, Leucine, Isoleucine and Valine are positive correlated. These metabolites have in common that the Oxoisocaproic acid, is derived from the leucine, isoleucine, and valine. And leucine, isoleucine and valine are non-polar.

> variables <- colnames(metabolome)
> hist.list.meta <- list()  ## initizalize a list of the histogram
> ## plot all histograms via loop
> for (i in 1:length(variables)) {
+     if (variables[i] == "Order" || variables[i] == "Sample") {
+         next
+     } else if (class(metabolome[, i]) == "factor") {
+         next
+     }
+     variable <- variables[i]  ## name of the variable to plot
+     titulo <- colnames(metabolome)[i]  # title of the varialbe
+ 
+     breaks <- pretty(range(metabolome[, variable]), n = nclass.Sturges(metabolome[,
+         variable]), min.n = 1)  # make pretty histogram by appropiate bins
+     bwidth <- breaks[2] - breaks[1]  ## bin width
+ 
+     ## plot
+     hist.list.meta[[i]] <- ggplot(metabolome, aes_string(x = variable)) + geom_histogram(aes(y = ..density..),
+         binwidth = bwidth, colour = "black") + geom_density(alpha = 0.2, fill = "lightblue") +
+         xlab(titulo) + ylab("")
+ 
+ 
+ }
> 
> 
> bp.interaction <- list()  ## intialize boxplot list interaction
> for (i in 1:length(variables)) {
+     titulo <- colnames(metabolome)[i]
+     variable <- variables[i]
+     bp.interaction[[i]] <- ggplot(metabolome, aes_string(x = GROUP, y = variable,
+         interaction(GROUP), fill = OBESE)) + geom_boxplot() + ylab(titulo)
+ 
+ }

Distributions of the basal concentrations of the metabolites.

> do.call(grid.arrange, hist.list.meta[3:11])

> do.call(grid.arrange, hist.list.meta[12:20])

> do.call(grid.arrange, hist.list.meta[21:29])

> do.call(grid.arrange, hist.list.meta[30:38])

> hist.list.meta[39][[1]]

From the distributions of the metabolites, one can observe, that leucine, isuleucine, alanine, glycloprotein, acetone, glutamic acid, glutamin, citrate, aspargine, ornithine, carnitine, betaine, glycine, threonine, glycerol, serine, tyrosine, phenylalanine,and tryptophan, more or less follow a normal distribution, the other metabolites, oxoisocaproic, valine, isobutyric, oxoisovaleric, hydroxibutyric, lactate, acatetate pyruvate, pyroglutamic, creatinine, creatine, lysine, proline, beta glucose, d glucose, methylhistidine, and formate, tend to follow skewed distributions.

> auxtst <- function(datos, columna) {
+ 
+     y <- as.data.frame(datos[, columna])
+     colnames(y) <- colnames(datos)[columna]
+     # print(unlist(y))
+     obeso <- datos[, "OBESE"]
+     grupo <- datos[, "GROUP"]
+     print(paste("anova de..", names(y)))
+     print(colnames(datos)[columna])
+     s <- summary(aov(unlist(y) ~ obeso + grupo + obeso:grupo))
+     s <- s[[1]]
+ 
+     if (any(complete.cases(s$`Pr(>F)` < 0.05))) {
+         print(paste("Existen diferencias entre grupos con la variable", names(y)))
+         s.g <- pairwise.t.test(unlist(y), grupo)$p.value < 0.05
+         s.o <- pairwise.t.test(unlist(y), obeso)$p.value < 0.05
+         z.inter <- pairwise.t.test(unlist(y), obeso:grupo)$p.value < 0.05
+         print("entre grupo")
+         print(s.g)
+         print("entre obeso")
+         print(s.o)
+         print("interaccion")
+         print(z.inter)
+ 
+     }
+ }

2-Oxoisocaproic acid_2

> meta <- grep("oxoisoca", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Oxicocaproic ") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Oxicocaproic") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

For the mean basal concentration values of Isoleucine_1, we can observe that there are differences between control women, PCOS patients and males, being the concentration levels of this metabolites higher in men, followed by PCOS women and in healthy women. Furthermore there are differences between obese subjects, but not between men. It seems that there is no differences between non-obese PCOS women and obese women. There is not differences between men and obese PCOS obese patients. If we take a closer observation in basal days, there is not differences between days, having the main relationships as in the mean of the three days.

At postprandial time, the concentration of this metabolite is lower in comparison with basal time. We cannot observe differences between groups at the first day, neither on the second but on the last day, on non-obese males, the concentration is higher than non-obese females. Non-obese men, have similar concentration values than all obsese subjects,

Leucine_1

> meta <- grep("Leu", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Leucine_1 ") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Leucime_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

The mean basal levels of Lucine_1 seems not to have differences between obese and non-obese subjects. Though there is a slight difference between obese PCOS women and non-obese PCOS women, being higher the levels of this metabolite in PCOS obese women. Between sex, the concentration levels are higher in males than females. Takin a close look at each basal day, the values are higher on the glucose oral load day. Being higher on males and obese subjetcts than females, but similar values between obese PCOS women and males. For the rest of the days, there it seems no differences relay between groups.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. Across all days, non-obese males, present higher levels of this metabolite than obese men. Similar pattern but with lower levels, are present in PCOS women, being higher in obese ones. Similar pattern between control women are present.

Isoleucine_1

> meta <- grep("Isoleu", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Isoleucine_1 ") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Isoleucine_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of Isoleucine_1 are higher in obese PCOS females than non-obese females with similar values on men. Looking at each day, similar pattern is observed.

Basal levels are higher than at postprandial stage. At each day of the study, no difference is observed among groups, except last day, on the protein load day. Where these values are higher than the rest of the previous days. The highest values are for non-obese males, but there is not differences between groups and obese subjects, except on males.

L-valine

> meta <- grep("valine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Valine ") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Valine") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

The mean basal levels of this metabolites, are higher on obese females, with similar values in comparison with men. PCOS women have higher values than control women. Similar pattern it is observed on each day.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. The third day, subjects present higher concentration, with no distinction between groups.

Isobutyric acid_1

> meta <- grep("Isobutyric", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Isobutyric acid ") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Isobutyric acid ") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Isbutyric acid levels, at basal time on non-obese females, are higher than obese females. There is no distinction between men. On each day, similar pattern is observed.

Basal values are higher than postprandial levels. Not distinction between groups is observed at each day. On the last day, higher values are present across all subjects.

2-oxoisovaleric acid_1

> meta <- grep("Oxoisovaleric", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Oxoisovaleric ") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Oxoisovaleric") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Mean basal values of Oxoisovaleric acid are higher in obese women than non-obese women. With similar values in comparison with men. Higher values of PCOS women are present. Each day show similar patterns. Obese PCOS women show highest values across all days.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. No differences between groups are present across all days.

3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1

> meta <- grep("ohbutyric", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1 ") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial 3-Hydroxybutyric acid_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal mean values shows no differences between groups. Obese PCOS women show barely higher levels than non-obese PCOS females. At the second day, if we observe basal levels, men have the higher concentration.

Here, there is almost indistinguishable differences between basal and postprandial levels of this metabolite. However, on the second day, values increases across all subjects, with similar values in comparison with basal levels. Women show higher values of this metabolites than men on this day.

Lactate_1

> meta <- grep("lactate", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Lactate ") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Lactate ") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Lactate mean basal values are higher in obese PCOS women than non-obese, but not more differences are observed across all subjects. Basal values are higher than postprandial values. Being higher on the first day. No differences between groups are observed.

Alanine

> meta <- grep("alanine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Alanine_1 ") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Alanine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Mean basal values of alanine are higher in obese subjects than non-obese, but this relationship is only observable in men and women with PCOS. Separately on each day, one can visualize than regarfing obesity, women with PCOS have higher concentrations of this metabolite.

Basal levels are higher than a postprandial stage. The lipid load day, thhe subjects present lower concentration of Alanine. across all days no differences are observed between subjects. Higher values are present on the first day in comparison with the second. On the last day, the protien load day, subjects present higher levels of Alanine than the other days.

Acetate

> meta <- grep("acetate", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Acetate_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Acetate_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Mean basal values of acetate are higher in non-obese females in comparison with obese females. The contrary happens with men. Healthy women present higher values than PCOS non-obese patients. But obese PCOS women have higher values than control obese women. Similar values between men and PCOS women are present. Obese men have higher values than obese females, and obese PCOS women have higher values than obese control females.

Basal values are higher in comparison with postprandial levels. There are not observable differences across subjects among all postprandial days.

N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1

> meta <- grep("glycoprot", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial  N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Mean basal values of N-Ac-Glycoprotein_signals_1 are higher on obese PCOS women than the rest of the subjects. However, non-obese control subjects have higher values than obese control subjects.

Basal levels are higher in comparison with postprandial levels. No differences between groups across all days are observed.

Acetone_1

> meta <- grep("acetone", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Acetone_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial  Acetone_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Mean basal values of acetone, are higher on obese subjects. Obese PCOS women have higher values than men. PCOS women and men have higher values than females. Regarding non-obese subjects, men have the highest values. But on obese subjects, PCOS women have the highest values, enven higher than control healthy men.

Basal levels are higher in comparison with postprandial levels. The second and the third day, men have the highest values. IN obese subjects, no difference it is present. But on the second and third days, levels are higher.

L-Glutamic acid_1

> meta <- grep("gluacid", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  L-Glutamic acid_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial  L-Glutamic acid_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Mean basal values of L-Glutamic acid_1 are higher in obese PCOS women and obese men. With no differences between control females.

Higher values of this metabolite are present at basal time in comparison with postprandial times. The last day, the values are almost comparable with postprandial levels, on the protein load day. Control non-obese subjects present higher concentration of this metabolite than PCOS women. Howhever, no differences are observed on this day between obese subjects.

Pyruvate_1

> meta <- grep("pyruvate", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Pyruvate_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial   Pyruvate_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Mean basal values of pyruvate, are higher in obese subjects. This difference is observed only on females. But higher values are present on obese PCOS women. PCOS women and men have higher values than control women.

At postprandial levels, these are lower than basal levels. However ob obese subjects, similar values are observed at both stages. Specially on the first and last days. Postprandial levels of non obese men are higher. However on the first day, on obese PCOS women, these levels arises its maximum.

Pyroglutamic acid

> meta <- grep("pyroglu", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Pyroglutamic acid") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial   Pyroglutamic acid") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Mean basal values of Pyroglutamic acid are higher in non-obese subjects, being this difference not observable in PCOS women.

Postprandial leves are lower than basal levels. At the second day, the lipid oral day, these values increases being comparable wih basal levels. Being higher this values in women with CPOS.

L-Glutamine_1

> meta <- grep("gln", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  L-Glutamine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial   L-Glutamine_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Mean basal values of glutamine are higher in obese subjects, but this difference is only observable in women. With highest values in obese women with PCOS.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. Each day after the macronutrients loads increase than the day before, with no differences between groups. Only on obese subjects, at the second day, obese females have higher conenctration than non-obese men.

Citrate

> meta <- grep("citrate", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Citrate_2") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial   Citrate_2") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of citrate are higher in non-obese subjects. However, this difference is not observable in females with PCOS. However PCOS obese women have the highest values of this metabolite.

Lower levels at postprandial levels in comparison with basal levels is observed. Being this values higher on the first 2 days. Obese PCOS women, present on this days, higher concentration of this metabolite.

L-Asparagine_4

> meta <- grep("asn", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  L-Asparagine_4") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial   L-Asparagine_4") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Mean basal levels of aspargine are similar between groups and across all days. Lower levels at postprandial time are observed in comparison with basal levels. However on the last day, similar values in comparison with basal values is observed. With no distiction between groups.

Creatinine_1

> meta <- grep("creatinine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Creatinine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial   Creatinine_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of Creatinine_1 are higher in obese PCOS women. With no diffence on the other groups. Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels, with no distinction between groups across all days.

Creatine_1

> meta <- grep("creatine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Creatine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial   Creatine_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Creatine basal levels are higher in obese PCOS women in comparison with the rest of the subjects. Lower levels in men than women are observed. No difference between control women is observed. Obese men have higher levels than non-obese men.

Postrprandial levels are lower than basal levels. On the first day PCOS women show higher values. But the last day, all subjects present similar values in comparison with the basal measures.

Lysine_1

> meta <- grep("lysine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Lysine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial   Lysine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of lysisne are higher in obese subjects, but this difference is observable only between women. PCOS women have higher values than control women. And PCOS obese women have similar values than men.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. Except on the protein load day. Withsimilar values. Non-obese men, and non-obese PCOS women have higher values than control women. And obese PCOS women present higher values than the other obese subjects.

Ornithine_1

> meta <- grep("Ornithine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Ornithine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial   Ornithine_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of Ornithine are higher in obese subjects, but this difference is observable only between women. PCOS women have higher values than control women. And PCOS obese women have similar values than men.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. Remain similar across all days. No differences between groups are present.

Choline_1

> meta <- grep("choline", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Choline_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial   Choline_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

No differences at present at basal levels. Neither at postprandial levels. Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels.

L-Carnitine_1

> meta <- grep("carnitine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  L-Carnitine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial  L-Carnitine_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

The mean basal values of L-carnitine_1 are higher in control women with similar values in men. Non-obese women, present higher values than obese women in general. Non-obese males, present higher values than obese men, and PCOS obese women, present higher values than non-obese PCOS women.

Higher levels on basal stage are present in comparison with postprandial time. With no observable differences among groups

Betaine_1

> meta <- grep("betaine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Betaine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial  Betaine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Betaine basal levels are higher in non-obese subjects in general. Apart form this observation no differences are present.

Basal values are higher than postprandial values. No differences are observed at this stage in general. However on the last day, non-obese controls have higher values than PCOS non-obese women.

Glycine_1

> meta <- grep("glycine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Glycine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Glycine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal values of glycine are higher in PCOS women and in men if we compare with control women. No differences are observed between obese and non-obese subjects.

Similar relationship is present in postprandial time. Furthermore, basal values are higher than postprnandial levels.

L-Threonine_1

> meta <- grep("threonine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  L-Threonine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial L-Threonine_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of threonine, are higher in women with PCOS and men, being similar these values in comparison with control women. No difference between obese and obese subjects is observed.

Basal levels are higher than postpranidal levels. With no differences between groups. However, on the last day, these values are similar in comparison with basal levels.

Glycerol_2

> meta <- grep("glycerol", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  Glycerol_2") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Glycerol_2") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Glycerol basal levels are higher on obese subjects in comparison with non-obese subjects. PCOS women have higher values in comparison with control women. With similar values compared with men. Looking closely, obese men have lower values than females.

In general lower levels at postprandial stage are present in comparison with basal levels. There are not differences between groups.

L-Serine_1

> meta <- grep("serine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  L-Serine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial L-Serine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of serine are higher in non-obese subjects. PCOS non-obese women show higher concentrations of these metabolite than the other non-obese subjects. Between obese subjects, there are no differences between groups.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. Except on the last day. On that day, similar values are present. PCOS women except on the last day, show higher levels of serine.

L-Proline_3

> meta <- grep("proline", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal  L-Proline_3") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial L-Proline_3") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of proline are higher in non-obese control subjects in comparison with non-obese. However, obese PCOS women show higher values than non-obese PCOS women. PCOS women show higher values than the rest of the subjects.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. Each day values of this metabolite increases. With no differences between groups and obese subjects. The last day, comparable measures are observed between postprandial and basal levels.

beta-Glucose_1

> meta <- grep("bglucose", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal beta-glucose_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial beta-glucose_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of beta_glucose, are higher in PCOS women and men in comparison with control women. Non-obese PCOS women show similar values than obese control women. Obese PCOS women, and have the highest values. And PCOS women have similar values in comparison with men.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. However on the first day, these values are comparable with basal levels. Being higher on obese subjects. And obese PCOS women show the highest values at postprandial levels. PCOS non-obese women present similar values, but lower than normal men.

D-Glucose_2

> meta <- grep("dglucose", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal D-Glucose_2") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial D-Glucose_2") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of D_glucose, are higher in PCOS women and men in comparison with control women. Non-obese PCOS women show similar values than obese control women. Obese PCOS women, and have the highest values. And PCOS women have similar values in comparison with men.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. However on the first day, these values are comparable with basal levels. Being higher on obese subjects. And obese PCOS women show the highest values at postprandial levels. PCOS non-obese women present similar values, but lower than normal men.

1-Methylhistidine_1

> meta <- grep("methys", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal 1-Methylhistidine_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial 1-Methylhistidine_1") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of 1-Methylhistidine_1 are higher in obese women in comparison with non-obese women. PCOS women have higher values than control women. Obese PCOS women have similar values than men. No difference between obese and non-obese men are present.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. However on the last day, higher levels are present, even comparable with basal levels. Non-obese PCOS women and men on the second day have similar values, and higher than non-obese women. On the last day, non-obese males show higher values, similar with basal values of healthy control women. Similar values are present on obese females. Non obese females both PCOS and control show similar values. The rest of the days no differences are present.

Tyrosine_1

> meta <- grep("tyrosine", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Tyrosine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Tyrosine_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of tyrosine are higher on obese subjects, being higher in men and PCOS women than control women.

Postprandial levels are lower in comparison with basal levels. However, the last day, though there are not differences between groups, these values are comparable with basal levels.

L-Phenylalanine_2

> meta <- grep("phe", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal L-Phenylalanine_2") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial L-Phenylalanine_2") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of phenilalanine are similar across subjects. However a slightly difference is observed in PCOS women and men, being this values similar but higher than control women.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels, except on the last day. Higher than the rest of the days, but still lower than basal levels. On obese subjects, males have the lower value. PCOS women have the higher value on the last day. The rest of the day no differences are present, except on the second day on obese males with the lowest values.

L-Tryptophan_4

> meta <- grep("tryp", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal L-Tryptophan_4") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial L-Tryptophan_4") +
+     theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45, vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of tryptophan are higher in obese females than non-obese females. Between men there is not observable difference. Though levels in men are higher than females.

Postprandial levels are lower than basal levels. Except on the last day, being higher for non-obese males, and comparable with obese PCOS women. Still lower values than basal levels.

Formate_1

> meta <- grep("formate", ignore.case = T, colnames(metabolome))
> meta.mean <- meta[1]
> meta.plts <- meta[-1]
> ### plots
> i1 <- bp.interaction[meta.mean][[1]]
> p1 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(1, 3, 5)], "Basal Formate_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> p2 <- bp.1.vars(metabolome, meta.plts[c(2, 4, 6)], "Postprandial Formate_1") + theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 45,
+     vjust = 0.9, hjust = 1, size = 7))
> 
> grid.arrange(i1, p1, p2)

Basal levels of formate, have the highest value on healthy control women. However, obese PCOS and obese males have higher values than non-obese subjects. Control women have higher values than PCOS women. PCOS obese women have highly values than men.

Postprandial levels are comparable with basal levels. Being lower on the first and second day. Obese control women show higher values at postprandial stage.

Description of gut microbiome

Gut microbiome was extracted and analyzed via faces of the subjects. On this dataset only on five subjects they were not able to analyze their faces. Furthermore, samples were re-coded, but with the same meaning. They analyze the phylum and the genera. We have the reads of the phylum and the genera of the microbiome. They analyzed 282 OTUs ( operational taxonomic units) 69of which they were not capable of identify at genera level. These genus we are going to exclude from the analysis

First of all, let’s inspect if the study is compromised by these subjects. We are going to perform chisq-test to observe if there are differences between groups.

> bacteria_file <- file.path(params$folder.data, params$file_microbiota)
> bacteria_phylum.tmp <- (read.xlsx(bacteria_file, sheetIndex = 1))
> bacteria_genera.tmp <- read.xlsx(bacteria_file, sheetIndex = 3)
> str(bacteria_phylum.tmp)
'data.frame':   46 obs. of  24 variables:
 $ Order                      : num  2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ...
 $ Sample                     : chr  "Md3" "Md4" "Md5" "Md6" ...
 $ Firmicutes                 : num  70656 101735 163449 46988 196807 ...
 $ Bacteroidetes              : num  29608 51549 326 22859 498 ...
 $ Proteobacteria             : num  961 6202 871 146 1559 ...
 $ Actinobacteria             : num  227 12545 5730 13134 10758 ...
 $ Verrucomicrobia            : num  1546 608 985 2 133 ...
 $ Candidatus.Saccharibacteria: num  9 21 80 4 55 14 40 28 16 19 ...
 $ Chlamydiae                 : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ Chloroflexi                : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ Cyanobacteria.Chloroplast  : num  3 3 0 3 6 1 11 21 0 2 ...
 $ Elusimicrobia              : num  0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ Euryarchaeota              : num  0 0 6 0 119 ...
 $ Fusobacteria               : num  0 2 7 8 62 0 0 2 0 0 ...
 $ Gemmatimonadetes           : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ Lentisphaerae              : num  0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ Nitrospirae                : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ Parcubacteria              : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ Spirochaetes               : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ SR1                        : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ Synergistetes              : num  0 12 0 0 23 180 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ Tenericutes                : num  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
 $ ud.Archaea                 : num  53 182 74 13 63 7 1 2 1 1 ...
 $ ud.Bacteria                : num  381 940 570 881 566 ...

Process phylum data and sanity check.

First of all let’s process the phylum data. To do that, we need to find out which variables belong to each group. (OBESE and GROUP) Furthermore we have to transpose the data

> ## which samples are in bacteria
> variables_in_bacteria <- general_data[general_data$Orden %in% bacteria_phylum.tmp$Order,
+     ]
> ## add categorical variables.
> bacteria_phylum.tmp$SEX <- variables_in_bacteria$SEX
> bacteria_phylum.tmp$GROUP <- variables_in_bacteria$GROUP
> bacteria_phylum.tmp$OBESE <- variables_in_bacteria$OBESE
> (sexo <- table(bacteria_phylum.tmp$SEX))

Female   Male 
    31     15 
> (sexo.obesos <- table(bacteria_phylum.tmp$SEX, bacteria_phylum.tmp$OBESE))
        
         No Obese Obese
  Female       15    16
  Male          8     7
> (subgrupos <- table(bacteria_phylum.tmp$GROUP, bacteria_phylum.tmp$OBESE))
        
         No Obese Obese
  Female        8     8
  PCOS          7     8
  Male          8     7

On this dataset we have 31 females, and 14 males. 15 non-obese females, 16 obese females, 8 non-obese males, and 7 obese males. 8 healthy control women, 8 obese control women, 7 and 8 non-obese and obese PCOS women and 8,7 non-obese, obese males.

> chisq.test(sexo.obesos)

    Pearson's Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction

data:  sexo.obesos
X-squared = 0, df = 1, p-value = 1
> chisq.test(subgrupos)

    Pearson's Chi-squared test

data:  subgrupos
X-squared = 0.13333, df = 2, p-value = 0.9355

There are no differences between groups, thus we can continue our exploratory analysis without concern. After the sanity check analysis, previously we have observed from the str function, that tells us the general structure of the data, that some variables are all 0. Thus we are going to remove those variables, and the unknown general.

> zero_variables <- apply(bacteria_phylum.tmp, 2, function(x) all(x == 0))  ## which phylum have zero reads
> unkown_variables <- grep("ud", colnames(bacteria_phylum.tmp))  ## which phylum is unkwoun
> bacteria_phylum.tmp2 <- bacteria_phylum.tmp[, -c(zero_variables, unkown_variables)]  ## remove unkowns and zero reads
> rownames(bacteria_phylum.tmp2) <- bacteria_phylum.tmp2[, 1]
> bacteria_phylum <- bacteria_phylum.tmp2[, -1]
> dim(bacteria_phylum)
[1] 46 23

At the end we have 46 observations and 24 phylum Once we have processed phylum data, we are going to process genera data.

Process genera data.

> str(bacteria_genera.tmp)
'data.frame':   283 obs. of  47 variables:
 $ Order: chr  "Sample" "Abiotrophia" "Acetanaerobacterium" "Acidaminococcus" ...
 $ X2   : chr  "MD03" "0" "18" "0" ...
 $ X3   : chr  "MD04" "0" "0" "0" ...
 $ X4   : chr  "MD05" "3" "3" "39" ...
 $ X5   : chr  "MD06" "0" "4" "0" ...
 $ X6   : chr  "MD07" "1" "0" "0" ...
 $ X7   : chr  "MD08" "0" "15" "0" ...
 $ X8   : chr  "MD09" "0" "25" "0" ...
 $ X9   : chr  "MD10" "1" "1" "26" ...
 $ X10  : chr  "MO01" "0" "9" "12" ...
 $ X11  : chr  "MO02" "0" "0" "0" ...
 $ X12  : chr  "MO03" "4" "0" "0" ...
 $ X13  : chr  "MO04" "0" "9" "90" ...
 $ X14  : chr  "MO06" "1" "0" "1624" ...
 $ X15  : chr  "MO07" "0" "1" "0" ...
 $ X16  : chr  "MO08" "0" "0" "32" ...
 $ X17  : chr  "MO09" "1" "7" "0" ...
 $ X18  : chr  "PD01" "0" "0" "0" ...
 $ X19  : chr  "PD02" "0" "1" "0" ...
 $ X20  : chr  "PD03" "0" "1" "748" ...
 $ X21  : chr  "PD04" "2" "7" "0" ...
 $ X23  : chr  "PD06" "0" "0" "0" ...
 $ X24  : chr  "PD08" "0" "2" "0" ...
 $ X26  : chr  "PD11" "0" "0" "0" ...
 $ X27  : chr  "PO02" "7" "0" "35" ...
 $ X28  : chr  "PO03" "0" "0" "0" ...
 $ X29  : chr  "PO04" "1" "0" "0" ...
 $ X30  : chr  "PO05" "0" "0" "619" ...
 $ X31  : chr  "PO07" "0" "0" "1" ...
 $ X32  : chr  "PO08" "0" "1" "105" ...
 $ X33  : chr  "PO10" "8" "0" "0" ...
 $ X34  : chr  "PO11" "0" "0" "0" ...
 $ X35  : chr  "VD01" "0" "10" "463" ...
 $ X37  : chr  "VD03" "0" "0" "15" ...
 $ X38  : chr  "VD04" "0" "4" "1908" ...
 $ X39  : chr  "VD05" "0" "0" "0" ...
 $ X40  : chr  "VD06" "0" "0" "0" ...
 $ X41  : chr  "VD07" "0" "0" "0" ...
 $ X43  : chr  "VD09" "5" "8" "2" ...
 $ X44  : chr  "VD10" "0" "16" "0" ...
 $ X45  : chr  "VO01" "0" "8" "985" ...
 $ X46  : chr  "VO02" "11" "3" "1" ...
 $ X47  : chr  "VO03" "0" "5" "255" ...
 $ X48  : chr  "VO04" "1" "0" "1" ...
 $ X49  : chr  "VO05" "0" "5" "55" ...
 $ X50  : chr  "VO06" "3" "9" "0" ...
 $ X52  : chr  "VO08" "2" "0" "3" ...

On this dataset, the matrix is transposed, thus we are going to transpose again. Furthermore, we need to add rownames and colnames and add GROUP and OBESE variables.

> bacteria_genera.tmp.t <- as.data.frame(t(bacteria_genera.tmp))  ## transpose data
> my_orden <- gsub("X", "", rownames(bacteria_genera.tmp.t))  ## ridoff X character from order
> colnames(bacteria_genera.tmp.t) <- bacteria_genera.tmp.t[1, ]  ## name columns
> bacteria_genera.tmp2 <- bacteria_genera.tmp.t[-1, ]  # remove column as a observation
> bacteria_genera.tmp2$Orden <- my_orden[-1]  # add order variable without 'sample' character
> rownames(bacteria_genera.tmp2) <- bacteria_genera.tmp2[, 1]  ## add samples as rows
> bacteria_genera.tmp3 <- bacteria_genera.tmp2[, -1]  ## remove samples as variable
> ## which samples are in the new dataset
> variables_in_bacteria <- general_data[general_data$Orden %in% bacteria_genera.tmp3$Orden,
+     ]
> bacteria_genera.tmp3$GROUP <- variables_in_bacteria$GROUP  ## add GROUP variable
> bacteria_genera.tmp3$OBESE <- variables_in_bacteria$OBESE  ## add OBESE variable
> zero_variables <- apply(bacteria_genera.tmp3, 2, function(x) all(x == 0))  ## which genera have zero reads
> unkown_variables <- grep("ud-", colnames(bacteria_genera.tmp3))  ## which are unkown genera
> bacteria_genera <- bacteria_genera.tmp3[, -c(zero_variables, unkown_variables)]  ## remove zeros and unkown variables.
> bacteria_genera[, 1:213] <- apply(bacteria_genera[, 1:213], 2, as.numeric)

At the end we have 46 samples and 216 genera.

Descriptive analysis of the gut microbiome.

we have to mention that, in order to analyze the data, one has to transform and normalize the data. Here were are explaining the data with the raw reads.

In order to plot and make posterior analysis, we have to construct a phyloseq object from the phylium(1) and the genera(2)

Creating phyloseq object for phylum data

> ## Creating Otu table
> otumat_phylum <- t(bacteria_phylum[, c(1:20)])
> rownames(otumat_phylum) <- paste0("OTU", 1:nrow(otumat_phylum))
> OTU_phylum <- otu_table(otumat_phylum, taxa_are_rows = T)
> ## Creating taxa table
> taxmat_phylum <- data.frame(colnames(bacteria_phylum[, c(1:20)]))
> TAX_phylum <- tax_table(taxmat_phylum)
> taxa_names(TAX_phylum) <- paste0("OTU", 1:nrow(otumat_phylum))
> colnames(TAX_phylum) <- "Phylum"
> ### Creating sample table
> samples <- as.data.frame(rownames(bacteria_phylum))
> samples$GROUP <- variables_in_bacteria$GROUP
> samples$OBESE <- variables_in_bacteria$OBESE
> rownames(samples) <- rownames(bacteria_phylum)
> samples.phylum <- samples[, -1]
> SAM.tmp <- sample_data(samples)
> SAM <- SAM.tmp[, -1]
> ### Creating phyloseq object for phylum data
> physeq_phylum <- phyloseq(OTU_phylum, TAX_phylum, SAM)

Creating phyloseq object for genera data.

> ## Creating Otu table
> otumat_genera <- (t(bacteria_genera[, c(1:213)]))
> rownames(otumat_genera) <- paste0("OTU", 1:nrow(otumat_genera))
> OTU_genera <- otu_table(otumat_genera, taxa_are_rows = T)
> ## Creating taxa table
> taxmat_genera <- data.frame(colnames(bacteria_genera[, c(1:213)]))
> TAX_genera <- tax_table(taxmat_genera)
> taxa_names(TAX_genera) <- paste0("OTU", 1:nrow(otumat_genera))
> colnames(TAX_genera) <- "Genera"
> ### Creating sample table
> samples <- as.data.frame(rownames(bacteria_genera))
> samples$GROUP <- variables_in_bacteria$GROUP
> samples$OBESE <- variables_in_bacteria$OBESE
> rownames(samples) <- rownames(bacteria_genera)
> samples.phylum <- samples[, -1]
> SAM.tmp <- sample_data(samples)
> SAM <- SAM.tmp[, -1]
> ### Creating phyloseq object for phylum data
> physeq_genera <- phyloseq(OTU_genera, TAX_genera, SAM)

Plot phylum

> plot_bar(physeq_phylum, x = "Phylum", fill = "GROUP", facet_grid = ~OBESE)

From the phylum data, we observe similar abundance of Firmicutes between obese and non-obese subjects. On obese males this abundance is higher, as well as on obese PCOS women. Less abundance is observed on obese control females. Bacteroidetes are the following phylum with higher abundance. Being higher on non-obese subjects. After that, the following phylum observed is Actinobacteria, with similar abundance on obese and non-obese subjects. Proteobacteria is higher on obese subjects. ### Plot Genera

> plot_bar(physeq_genera, x = OBESE, facet_grid = ~GROUP)

Regarding genus,it cannot be observed due to the high types of genera. But in general, bacteria with less abundance is observed on obese control females, followed by healthy control females. PCOS women and males have similar abundance. Being higher on PCOS women.

> merged_physoeq <- merge_phyloseq(physeq_genera, physeq_phylum)